1. Romantic Time Period
The Age of expression

2. General Characteristics
Revolutions-Political, Industrial, Social
Scientific Advances
Nationalism
Nature

3. Characteristics of Romantic Art and Literature
Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog, by Casper David Friedrich, 1818
Emphasis on Nature and Love
Aesthetic experience
-pleasing to the senses
Intellectual
Reaction against the age of
The enlightenment

4. Differences? Romantic Art (Top)
Classical Art (Bottom)
Painting by: David Jacques-Lois The Lictors Returning to Brutus the Bodies of his Sons
Romantic Art (Top)
Eldena Ruin by Casper David Friedrich 1825

5. Authors of the Romantic Period
Charles Dickens-England
famous work “A Christmas carol”
Edger Allan Poe-America
Famous poem “the raven”
William Wordsworth-England
Poem “Tintern Abbey”

6. Musical Characteristics
Longer phrases
Chromaticism
Longer Symphonies
Extended chord tones (adding notes)

7. Differences with Classical and Romantic Music
Melody
Disjunct and conjunct
Often lyrical, long irregular phrases
Harmony
Modulation to closely related keys
Increased use of modulation
Rhythm
Mixture, not always driving
Frequent change in meters with different movements
Form
Sonata Allegro, Opera
Same as classical but expanded
Texture
Homophonic

8. Ideals of Classical Music vs. Romantic Music
Music stayed in the lines
Music explored outside the lines
Modulation to very close keys
Modulated to unrelated keys
Beethoven led the way to the Romantic time period.
You can hear major differences between his 5th symphony and his 9th symphony

9. Art Song Solo voice and Piano Often short
High artistic and literary quality
Ends with a postlude (played by the piano)

10. Turn my piano to the side!
Jan Ladislav Dussek
Wanted his admirers to be able to see his profile.

11. Piano Music of Liszt and Chopin
Pulsating chordal background to melodies
Very Lyrical
Limited range
Used a wide range of notes

12. Johannes Brahms May 7, 1833- April 3, 1897 Born in Hamburg, Germany
Moved to Vienna, Austria
composer and pianist
Was considered the successor of Beethoven
Composed over 215 works

13. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
May 7, November 6, 1893
Born in Russia
Studied music against parents will
Mentally unstable
Composed hundreds of pieces
Died from E coli
Famous compositions include
The Nutcracker
1812 Overture
Swan Lake
Sleeping Beauty

14. Richard Wagner May 22 1813-February 13, 1883 Born in Germany
Known for complex texture, rich harmonies and large orchestration
Adolf Hitler admired his music
Famous compositions include
Ride of the Valkyries
Wedding March

15. Franz Peter Schubert January 31 1797- November 19, 1828
Austrian composer
Over 600 compositions
Wrote piano music for 4 hands
Famous compositions include
Marche Militaire D 733 No. 1

16. Famous Romantic Composers in order of birth
Schubert
Chopin
Liszt
Wagner
Brahms
Tchaikovsky

17. Symphonies
Brahms 4
Tchaikovsky 6
Schubert 9

18. Program Music A type of art music
Often times included a narration in the concert program that painted a picture or a scene.
Counteracted absolute music.

19. How did Romantic operas differ from Classical Operas
Short melodic lines
Longer melodic lines with chromaticism
Backed up by small ensemble or organ
Backed up by larger ensembles or orchestra
German Operas-Romantic
Italian Operas-Romantic
Instrumental part just as important as vocal
Vocal line predominant

20. Rubato Stolen Time Slowing down to add tension
Didn’t keep a steady beat
Chopin mastered this technique

21. Nationalism Patriotic Music
Composers have pride in their country and put folk songs into their compositions
Ex: Mussorgsky-Pictures at an exhibition

22. The “Mighty 5” Russian nationalist composers
Mily Balakirev
Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov
Modest Mussorgsky
Alecksandr Borodin
Cesar Cui

23. Romantic Instruments Woodwind Brass Keyboard Saxophone Tuba
French horn
Keyboard
Xylophone

24. Listening example 1 Composer: Richard Wagner
Title: “Ride Of The Valkyries”
Date: 1854
Texture: Homophonic
Form: Opera
Additional Information: Instrumental version as well.

25. Listening example 2 Composer: Tchaikovsky
Title: Nutcracker Suite “Trepak”
Date: 1892
Texture: Homophonic
Form: Ballet
Additional information: Set of dances

26. Listening Example 3 Composer: Mussorgsky
Title:” Night on bald mountain”
Date: 1867
Texture: Homophonic
Form: Tone Poem
Additional Information: The actual real title is “A Night On Bare Mountain” Meaning a mountain without trees.

27. 21) Do you consider yourself a classic or romantic
And why?