1.  In your notebooks list reasons why it is dangerous to consume alcohol.

2.  33% of suicides  50% of homicides  62% of assaults  68% of manslaughter cases  41% of traffic fatalities  50% of all drowning  Domestic abuse, child abuse, neglect and work place injuries

3.  Ethanol – the type of alcohol in alcoholic beverages Produced through fermentation of fruits, vegetables and grains  Fermentation – the chemical action of yeast on sugars Water, flavoring and minerals are mixed with ethanol to produce beverages such as wine and beer

4.  Depressant – a drug that slows the central nervous system  Effects motor skills Slows reaction time Impairs vision  Diminish clear thinking and judgment

5.  Alcohol travels through the bloodstream to the brain  Liver metabolizes the alcohol in the bloodstream and makes it less active Metabolism – the process by which the body breaks down substances  Kidneys filter the neutralized particles and other waste products from the blood and produce urine

6.  Intoxication – the state in which the body is poisoned by alcohol or another substance and the person’s physical and mental control is significantly reduced  Affected by Body size Gender Stomach contents

7.  BAC – Blood Alcohol Concentration – the amount alcohol in a person’s blood expressed as a percentage

9. Short Term Effects Nervous SystemCardiovascular System Digestive SystemRespiratory System Brain – becomes less able to control the body Memory – thought processes disorganized, memory and concentration dulled Judgment – altered and coordination impaired Heart – at low intake increases heart rate and blood pressure; at high intake decreases Blood Vessels – expand and body temperature lowers Stomach – increase stomach acid causing nausea and vomiting Liver – toxic chemicals are released Kidneys – increase urine output Lungs – fill with carbon dioxide Breathing – depress nerves that cause involuntary reactions such as breathing, breathing slows

10.  Alcohol Abuse – the excessive use of alcohol 25% of all youth is exposed to alcohol abuse  Binge Drinking – drinking 5 or more alcoholic drinks at one sitting Can be fatal Can cause alcohol poisoning

11.  Alcohol and drugs do not mix A factor in ¼ of all emergency room admissions  Multiplier effect – medication has a greater or different effect than intended  Typical Interactions: Slows absorption increasing the time the drug is in the body Medication may be broken down faster, decreasing its effectiveness Increase effects of some drugs

12.  Drug Interactions  DWI  Alcohol Poisoning  Fetal Alcohol Syndrome  Long term damage to major body systems and organs  Alcoholism

13.  DWI – Driving while intoxicated  DUI – Driving under the influence.02 – Driver shows signs of intoxication.08 – Maximum BAC for a driver  Consequences of a DWI Harm to driver and others Restricted driving privileges Loss of license Arrest or jail time Higher insurance rates Fines

14.  Alcohol Poisoning – a severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to an alcohol overdose  Effects of Alcohol Poisoning Mental confusion, stupor, coma, passing out Slow respiration – 10 seconds between breaths Irregular heartbeat Hypothermia and low body temperature Severe dehydration and vomiting  Call 911 if someone has alcohol poisoning

15.  Fetal Alcohol Syndrome – a group of alcohol related birth defects that include physical and mental problems  Effects of FAS Deformities of head, hands and feet Heart, liver and kidney defects Learning difficulties; leading cause of mental retardation  No safe amount of alcohol to drink while pregnant

16. Long Term Effects Nervous SystemCardiovascular System Digestive System Brain – addiction, loss of brain functions, brain damage Heart – damage to heart muscles, enlarged heart, high blood pressure Liver – fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis Stomach – ulcers and cancer Pancreas - blockage

17.  Alcoholism – a disease in which a person has a physical or psychological dependence on drinks that contain alcohol  Alcoholic – an addict who is dependent on alcohol Influenced by genetic and environmental factors  Symptoms: Craving – strong need to drink Loss of control – cannot limit Physical dependence – withdrawal symptoms Tolerance – need more to feel the same effects

18. 1. Abuse – a person drinks and becomes intoxicated regularly 2. Dependence – Physical need for alcohol; alcohol is the central focus 3. Addiction – alcohol is the most important thing in person’s life

19.  Steps: 1. Admission – person admits to having a problem and asks for help 2. Detoxification – a process in which the body adjusts to functioning without alcohol 3. Counseling – gets help to learn to live without alcohol 4. Recovery – the process of learning to live an alcohol free life  Sobriety – living without alcohol