1. Poultry Industry

2. Terms
Rooster
Hen
Pullet
Chick
Capon
Poult
Tom

3. Terms Rooster = intact male Chicken Hen = mature Female (either)
Pullet = young female Chicken
Chick = baby Chicken
Capon = castrated male chicken
Poult = baby turkey
Tom = intact male Turkey

4. Poultry Production
Most poultry in the United States is produced through vertical integration contracts with large commercial operations.
Types of Poultry Operations
Egg Production
Broiler Production
Replacement Pullet Production
Start at 13 min:

5. Broilers vs. Layers What is the difference? What do we have in NC?
Sandersonfarms.com

6. Egg Production (producing eggs for human consumption)
Laying hens are typically confined to cages or a floor-pen system.
Eggs are cleaned, graded and packed at the farm.
The laying hens produce eggs for approximately 72 weeks and then they are then sold for meat once their production cycle is complete.
Over ½ of laying hens are raised through vertical integration contracts.

7. Poultry Production Herbruck’s Poultry Ranch: Egg Farm Hen House - 8
Eggs 101: Inside a Hen House - 27
PL50D2BF52B7CFD1DE

8. Broiler Production (poultry produced for meat consumption)
Poultry are fed high quality feed to maximize growth.
Hormones cannot be added according to USDA standards.
A producer will raise several flocks of birds each year.
Broilers are processed into cuts of meat and also value added products such as sandwich meat, pre-cooked products, etc.
Approximately 99% of broilers are raised through vertical integration contracts.

9. Poultry Production
Replacement Pullet Production- raising chickens to replace either egg production or broiler production operations.

10. We are at the top We rank top five in both broilers and turkeys!
$1.5 Billion per year in Broilers
$.5 billion per year in Turkeys
We do not rank in layers

11. Only Place not completely Owned = Contract Grower
Industry Segments
Breeder Flock
Hatchery
Feed Mill
Only Place not completely Owned = Contract Grower
Grow Out
Processing Plant
Rendering
Further Processing
Distribution

12. Grow Out Most farms are contract growers
Farms buy day old Chicks and grow them to maturity, then sell them back to the company
Land and facilities = overhead cost
Paid based on weight gained
Success is with feed efficiency. Company wants to be sure that the grower is not wasting the feed provided.

13. Life Cycle - Chickens Incubation period = 21 days
24 weeks to start laying eggs
Broilers processed at about 42 days (range of days) or pounds

14. Life Cycle - Turkeys 28 Day incubation period start laying at 30 weeks
Processed at about 18 weeks ( ) and 22 lbs for hens and 27 lbs for toms

15. Chicken Breeds White leghorns White Lay white eggs
Most popular egg layer

16. Chicken Breeds Plymouth Rock Broilers White, or white and black

17. Chicken breeds Rhode Island Red Red in color Lay brown eggs
Where have we seen these before?

18. Chicken Breeds Female liner - Plymouth Rock Male liner - Cornish
Common Cross/Cornish Cross
Female liner - Plymouth Rock
Male liner - Cornish

19. Turkey Breeds
Broadbreasted Bronze Turkey
Black in Color

20. Turkey Breeds Broadbreasted Large white turkeys White in color

21. Turkey Breeds Beltsville Small White turkeys
white in color and smaller in size