1. Chapter 2 How the New Testament Was Formed and Handed Down to Us

2. Key Topics/Themes Many Christian books written during New Testament period (c. 50-140 CE) not accepted into canon Process of canonization Comparison/analysis of manuscripts Development of English translations 2 © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

3. Formation of the New Testament Canon The diverse historical origins of the New Testament books The process of the canonization of New Testament books Marcion and Gnosticism Influence of the Latin Vulgate 3 © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

4. Transmitting the New Testament Texts Earliest fragments of New Testament manuscripts Earliest complete copies Biblical manuscript production in the time of Constantine I (306-337 CE) Problems in manuscript transmission 4 © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

5. Transmitting the New Testament Texts (continued) The development of the codex Manuscript types  majuscules (uncials)  minuscules 5 © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

6. Assembling a Composite New Testament Text Important early manuscripts  Codex Sinaiticus  Codex Vaticanus  Codex Alexandrinus  Codex Bezae  Other manuscripts/manuscript fragments  Quotes from Church fathers 6 © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

7. Assembling a Composite New Testament Text (continued) Important early manuscripts (continued)  Minuscule manuscripts  Translations from Greek into other ancient languages 7 © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

8. Creating a Standard Greek Text Desiderius Erasmus The Greek New Testament edition Novum Testamentum Graece edition 8 © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

9. English Translations Early resistance to English translations Early efforts at English Bible translations  The Venerable Bede (c. 730)  John Wycliffe (1384) 9 © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

10. Other Important English Bible Translations William Tyndale (1525) Coverdale Bible (1535) Great Bible (1539) Bishop’s Bible (1568) Geneva Bible (1560) King James Bible (1611) 10 © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

11. The King James Bible (Authorized Version) Commissioned by James I of England A committee effort A masterpiece of English literature Shortcomings of the King James Version 11 © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

12. Some Contemporary English Translations Revised Standard Version (New Revised Standard Version) Jerusalem Bible (New Jerusalem Bible) New English Bible (Revised English Bible) New International Version 12 © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

13. Summary Canonization process three centuries in length Difficulties in compiling accurate text of the New Testament documents The significance of the work of English Bible translators 13 © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.