1. Population/Types of Disabilities, Assessment, Prevention, Education and Awareness in Pakistan Scenario
Dr. Humaira Bano
Assistant Professor
Department of Special Education
University of the Punjab, Lahore

2. Projected Formula and Pop. PWDs HHRD
2.65% than 2.54%
Facing social & economic disadvantage & denial of most basic fundamental rights

3. Disability wise Population in Pakistan
Approximately (2. 54%) of the total population comprise on PWDs and about 2.49% (registered) Ref. (Guidelines, 2012) Which is about about 3.2 million of 184 million
According to Census 1998 (2.54% )of total population is consists on PWDs
Blind (8.06%), Deaf & Hard of hearing (7.43%), Physically handicap (18.93%), Severely M.R. (6.39%), M.R. (7.60%), Having more than one disability (8.23%), Others (43.36) (UNICEF, 2003)
Total enrollment is about 28,000 children with disabilities. This comes to 4% of the total school age children with disabilities. And 5% with new projected formula

4. Disability Wise Distribution of Organizations in Pakistan (Education, Assessment, Prevention, Rehabilitation and etc.)
Categories
AJK
Baluchistan
Capital
Northern Area
NWFP
Punjab
Sindh
Total
Hearing Impairment 6 5 15 11 22
160 48
267
Mental retardation 3 4 14 8 17
140 67
253
Visual Impairment 1 12
103 25
175
Physical disability 19 10 28
129 53
248
Multiple disabilities 66 27
120
Census 1998, Bureau of Statistics

5. Services provided to PWDs in Pakistani Institutions
Total Institutions
Education
423
Guidance and counseling
299
Vocational Training
292
Sports and recreation
290
Assessment
264
Rehabilitation
234
Therapeutic services
218
Early Identification/intervention
133
Medical Treatment/alternative medicine
Community services
131
Prevention
122
Social uplift/empowerment
116
Employment 99
Outreach program 88
Old age benefits 25
Source: Survey and facilities for persons with disabilities in Pakistan. DGSE, Ministry of Social Welfare and Special Education, Govt. of Pakistan, Islamabad, 2006 (Directory, 2006)

6. Need to Do for PWDs Individual level Family Level Village Level
Social mobilization
Individual level
Family Level
Village Level
Tehsil /District level
Provincial Level
National Level
Health Care Facilities
Initial Survey for PWDs
Categorization
Awareness regarding to early detection , interventional and health issues
Awareness at local level
Medical assessment about each types of disabilities
Provision of assistive devices if needed
Issuance of CNIC for Inclusion
Linkages Development among organizations
Developing & strengthening referral system
Inclusion for Education
Initial surveys and categorization
Research to develop awareness among community members for rehabilitation
Medical screening and identification for placement
Working on Inclusion, Integration and segregation according to needs of special needs
Identification of school
Making the route identified
Making the school accessible
Teachers training in mainstream schools

7. Need to Do for PWDs
Income Generation Opportunities
Self employment through small scale enterprise development
With intellectual disability (less than 18 years)
Participation PWDs In community Development
PWDs with age 18 or above
PWDs with moderate disabilities (physical, blind, low vision and low hearing)
Participation of PWDs in Sports
To address the gender base need
Inclusion of All types of PWDs
Development of Social inclusion e
Source: Guidelines for Promoting Rehabilitation and Inclusion of People with Disabilities in Mainstreaming Development, 2012

8. Actual Problem
Less employments opportunities with reference to need of PWDs
If available , didn't match to level of disability, education , skills, or functional level
Problem in Job sustainability (accessibility, mobility, low income, less job guidance)
No survey to identify disability oriented jobs with reference to latest market needs
No in-service training for PWDs
Less disability oriented infrastructure leading to accessibility problem to PWDs
Less Co-ordination of organizations of PWDs working by themselves at National/Provincial/Local (District & Thesil) Level
No sheltered workshops at Schools/ Colleges/ Universities
None availability of relevant literature to identify vocations with reference to disability needs in local context
Lack of CBR in at local /national level

9. Possible Solutions
Need of authentic data with reference to Type of Disability, Level of Disability, Skills identifications of PWDs (*Females)
District Education Councils must have identified list of Public/private organizations to refer the PWDs according to their skills & type of disability
Identification and Networking of organizations of PWDs at Village /Provincial/National Level to connect them with various public & private organizations
Emphasis on Vocational Education in regular curricula
Capacity development through teachers training programs at degree awarding institutions in vocational skills along the literacy skills at special/regular setup
Establishment of a cell to manufacture low cost equipments for the PWDs
Approval of Law to look in to rights with right base approach

10. Possible Solutions
Identifications of vocational skills with regard to gender specific as well as micro financing for them by Govt./ INGOs
Development of CBR strategies to monitor and implement employment quota of PWDs in consultation with funding organizations of Govt. and INGOs,
Development of manual (based on various skills ) in consultation with Public/Private Industries , PWDs and professionals of D.A.I. for Vocational education
Counseling of PWDs as well their contemporaries at job places to enhance the job sustainability
Need to review the salary packages of PWDs with reference to market value
Development of sports activities for all to make them more socially included
Media utilizations by specifying sort of programs or times to aware the community

11. Thank you