1. Materials and Their Properties

2. Lesson Objectives All - know what property means
state some common properties of metals and non metals
Most - relate properties of metals and non metals to their uses
Some - choose a material for a certain use and explain why it is suitable

3. List all the materials that you think are in a mobile phone.
Why are they used?

4. Properties of materials are used to describe materials.
There are 2 types:
Physical properties
Chemical properties

5. Properties of metals are used to describe metals.
Physical properties can be observed about a substance that doesn’t involve a chemical change.
Examples?

6. Properties of metals are used to describe metals.
Chemical properties involve CHEMICAL CHANGE.
e.g. Burning in oxygen, reacting with acids

7. Why is copper used to make pans?

8. Why is gold used to make jewellery?

9. 2 reasons why aluminium is used for overhead cables?

10. Titanium
2 reasons why titanium is
used for hip replacements?

11. Testing materials – Physical Properties
Physical properties include:
Thermal conductivity- how well heat travels through it.
Electrical conductivity - how easily electricity travels through it.
Melting and boiling points
Solubility in water - how much dissolves in 100g of water at a fixed temperature
Viscosity - how treacly a liquid is.
Density – how heavy a fixed volume of the material is.

12. Testing Thermal Conductivity
copper

13. Results
Substance
How long did it take for the cobalt chloride paper to turn blue?
Put the substances in order, from best heat conductor to worst
brass
iron
glass
copper

14. Testing the Properties of Metals & Non-Metals
Test 2: Electrical Conductivity
1. Set up a circuit like above.
2. Connect up the iron nail as shown in the diagram. Does the bulb light up?
3. Write your result in the table below.
4. Now try the experiment again with the other things.

15. Conductor or insulator?
Test 2: Electrical Conductivity
Substance
Bulb on or off?
Conductor or insulator?
iron
plastic
glass
wood
copper
aluminium

16. Finding density Weigh the block on a balance. Record the mass in g.
Carefully lower the block into the displacement can as shown in the diagram.
Collect the water and measure the volume in cm3
Density = mass
volume
6. Use the expression to work
out the density and record it in the table.

17. Density - Results Conclusion Water has a density of 1g/cm3
Object
Mass (g)
Volume(cm3)
Density (mass÷vol)
Stone
Aluminium block
Wax
Plastic block
Conclusion
Water has a density of 1g/cm3
Anything with a density greater than 1 _____.
Anything with a density less than 1 _______

18. Lesson Objectives
All - state some common properties of materials (PASS P2)
Most - relate properties of materials to their uses (MERIT M2)
Some - choose a material for a certain use and explain why it is suitable
(DISTINCTION D1)

19. How Physical Properties Determine Uses of Materials
Assignment 1.2
ALL must complete 3 practical investigations SAFELY and record results.
MOST should complete and record all 4 (pass)
SOME may continue research into the properties and structure of materials.(merit/distinction)

20. Testing Other Physical Properties
1. Solubility of solids.
Substances are INSOLUBLE if the forces holding the a______ together are too s______ to be broken by water.
2. Viscosity of liquids
Liquids are VISCOUS if they are made of l_____ c_____ molecules which can t_____ together.
3. Melting point
Substances have HIGH melting points if the forces holding a_____ together are s_____.

21. Testing Other Physical Properties
1. Solubility of solids.
Substances are INSOLUBLE if the forces holding the atoms together are too strong to be broken by water.
2. Viscosity of liquids
Liquids are VISCOUS if they are made of long chain molecules which can tangle together.
3. Melting point
Substances have HIGH melting points if the forces holding atoms together are strong.

22. G_____ c_____ of h____
M_____
S____
H____ D______
G____ c_____ of e______
H___ m____ and b_____ p______
D______
S_____

23. Good conductors of heat
malleable
shiny
High density
Good conductors of electricity
High melting and boiling points
ductile
strong

24. Properties of Non Metals
P____ c________ of h____
Usually d____
Properties of Non Metals
L__ m_____ and b_____ p_____
P____ c______ of e________
Not s_____

25. Properties of Non Metals
Poor conductors of heat
Usually dull
Properties of Non Metals
Low melting and boiling points
Poor conductors of electricity
Not strong

26. Lesson Objectives
All - state some common properties of materials (PASS P2)
Most - relate properties of materials to their uses (MERIT M2)
Some - choose a material for a certain use and explain why it is suitable
(DISTINCTION D1)

27. copper

28. COPPER
Structure:

29. ALUMINIUM
Structure:

30. Metals C____ packed l______ of atoms.
Free to move negative e_______ flow through the structure holding it t______.
Even when b___ or hit the structure stays strongly bonded together. The atoms just s____
over each other.
High d_____ because atoms close
p_______.
M______ electrons carry an electric c____ or heat e_______through the structure.

31. Metals Close packed layers of atoms.
Free to move negative electrons flow through the structure holding it together.
Even when bent or hit the structure stays strongly bonded together. The atoms just slide
over each other.
High density because atoms close
packed.
Moving electrons carry an electric current or heat energy through the structure.

32. GLASS
Structure:

33. Glass A n__ m____ c_________. R_______ structure of molecules.
No c______ so t__________.
W________ bonded so brittle.
No f_____ electrons so n___ conductor of h____ and e_______.
Low d_______ because of open, r_______ structure.

34. Glass A non metal compound. Random structure of molecules.
No crystals so transparent.
Weakly bonded so brittle.
No free electrons so non conductor of heat and electricity.
Low density because of open, random structure.

35. POLYTHENE
Structure:

36. Polythene A n__ m____compound.
L_____ chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms s_____ bonded together but very w____ forces between chains.
R______ chains.
N_ crystals.
N_ free e______ so a non c______ of h_____ and e__________.
Flexible because the chains can s____ over one another.
L__ density because of r_____ chains.

37. Polythene A non metal compound.
Long chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms strongly bonded together but very weak forces between chains.
Random chains.
No crystals.
No free electrons so a non conductor of heat and electricity.
Flexible because the chains can slide over one another.
Low density because of random chains.