1. Public Health Preventive Medicine primary prevention specific prevention immunization Samar Musmar,MD,FAAFP Consultant, family medicine Clinical assistant Professor

2. Specific 1ry prevention Use of vaccines—prev of specific dse(1) Use of antimicrobial drugs--prev of specific dse(1) Prevention of deficiency state(2) Prevention of injuries and toxic exposure(3) Prevention of iatrogenic dses & injuries(3)

3. Types of immunity Passive/active Nonspecific/specific/herd Examples:--natural/artificial types of vaccines: inactivated, live attenuated, toxoids

4. Immunization recommendations and schedules Active imm of children Active immunization of adults Vaccine survielance and testing

5. Types of vaccines Prevention of Infectious Diseases by Vaccines Available in the US Anthrax Cholera Diphtheria Haemophilus influenzae infection Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Influenza Japanese encephalitis Lyme disease Measles Meningococcal disease Mumps Pertussis Plague Pneumococcal disease Poliomyelitis Rabies Rubella Tetanus Tuberculosis Typhoid Varicella Yellow fever

6. Recommended Schedule for Active Immunization of Healthy Infants and Children

7. Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule UNITED STATES · 2009

9. Immunization goals Eradication—e.g ? Why? Regional elimination of dse—e.g? Control of dse—e.g? Surveillance system

10. Childhood immunization initiative Adequate immunization—defin: receiving the recommended # of doses of vaccines by the ages ?rota virus vaccine--intussusception

11. Reasons for low immunization levels Health beliefs—model: 1.Dse is serious 2.Their children are personally at risk 3.Preventive measure is effective 4.No serious risks or barriers Swine flu example Pertussis—UK

12. Reasons for low immunization levels Vaccine related supplies and lawsuits Shortage:?cost,regulation,liability National vaccine injury program

13. Reasons for low immunization levels Missed opportunity Poor population ?? unligitimate causes to postpone Hopspitalized pts ? contraindications

14. Prevention of dses by use of antimicrobial drugs