1. Statistics 300: Introduction to Probability and Statistics Section 2-2

2. Chapters 2 and 3 Describing data Exploring data Comparing data

3. Describe or Infer? Descriptive statistics Inferential statistics

4. Descriptive Statistics Describe characteristics of (statistics) data samples as they are without extending their meaning beyond the data sample Chapters 2 through 6

5. Inferential Statistics Based on a sample or multiple samples, make inferences (judgments) about the population(s) from which the sample(s) came. Chapters 7 through 12

6. Descriptive Statistics Distribution Center Variation Position

7. Distribution How are the data spread out? Where are data plentiful? Where are data rarely found?

10. Distribution Frequency tables Pictures

11. Frequency Tables Identify categories for the data – Nominal categories or – Interval categories Count the number of observations in each category

12. Frequency Tables Interval Categories Class Limits Class Midpoints Class Boundaries

14. Class Limits Convenient values representing the range of values in a class Lower class limit Upper class limit

15. Class Midpoints Values that are midway between the lower and upper class limits of each class To compute, average the two class limits

16. Class Boundaries Values that truly separate one class from the next To compute: average the upper class boundary and the following lower class boundary

17. Frequency Tables Frequency Relative frequency Cumulative frequency Cumulative relative frequency

18. Frequency Count of the observations that belong to each class

19. Relative Frequency Frequency divided by the total number of observations

20. Cumulative Frequency Sum of the frequencies in the first class through the current class

21. Cumulative Relative Frequency Sum of the relative frequencies in the first class through the current class

22. Distribution Frequency tables Pictures

23. Histograms and Bar Charts Pareto Charts Pie Charts