1. Protective Equipment

2. Purposes  Wearing protective equipment in most cases is voluntary.  Many elite athletes are often motivated to use protective equipment due to the potential loss of earnings through injury.  The purposes of protective equipment include: - Absorb and disperse energy from a direst blow - Deflect a blow and protect against sharp instruments - Limit excess movement

3. Apparel and Protective Guards  HELMETS - Helmets should be worn where there is any risk of injury to the head from an external force eg: - A helmet must be designed to protect the head, but must allow full vision and head movement eg:

4. Apparel and Protective Guards  Mouthguards - Dental and jaw injuries can be prevented through the use of a correctly fitted mouthguard. - It will absorb and disperse energy from a direct blow. - Also absorb the shock of blows top the chin and decrease the chance of concussion. - Correct fitting by a dentist to allow comfort, reduce breathing and talking difficulties.

5. Apparel and Protective Guards  Shoulder pads and shin pads - Protect against bruising and soft tissue injuries by absorbing impact from other players or equipment eg: - They must be fitted properly to the body and not restrict movement. - Padding can also be worn on the knees, elbows and chest eg:

6. Joint Harnesses and Braces  To prevent joints extending past their normal range, as they reduce joint movement.  Commonly worn to prevent shoulder dislocations.  They must not restrict movement too much.

7. Footwear  Footwear is designed for specific sports which can help an athlete win.  Shoes offer support and traction through studs, sprigs. Therefore reducing injury by assisting the athlete to accelerate and change direction whilst maintaining balance/control.  They can also contribute to injury by anchoring the foot to the ground whilst the legs and body go in another direction, which can lead to knee injuries.

8. Footwear  Proper footwear can prevent chronic leg and foot injuries caused by repetitive impacts on hard surfaces. This can be prevented through shock-absorbent inner soles as they disperse the force.  Poor footwear can result in shin soreness, lower leg pain and blisters

9. ACTIVITY  Complete Practical Application question pg: 324 PDHPE Application and Inquiry