2. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 1 SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS

3. Slide 2  United Nations policies on HIV/AIDS  Facts and myths about HIV and AIDS  Personal risk assessment  HIV testing and counselling  HIV prevention strategies  The peacekeeper’s role and standards of conduct  United Nations policies on HIV/AIDS  Facts and myths about HIV and AIDS  Personal risk assessment  HIV testing and counselling  HIV prevention strategies  The peacekeeper’s role and standards of conduct

4. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 3  HIV/AIDS is a global problem  Security Council resolution 1308 (2000)  Security Council resolution 1325 (2000)  General Assembly Declaration of Commitment  The Global Fund  HIV/AIDS is a global problem  Security Council resolution 1308 (2000)  Security Council resolution 1325 (2000)  General Assembly Declaration of Commitment  The Global Fund The UN Takes HIV/AIDS Seriously!

5. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 4  40 million living with HIV/AIDS… …nearly all will be dead in 10 years!

6. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 5  A…Acquired : virus is passed from an infected person to another  I…Immune: the body’s defense system which protects it from disease  D…Deficiency: lack of something or weakness (the immune system is weak)  S…Syndrome: symptoms associated with a particular disease  A…Acquired : virus is passed from an infected person to another  I…Immune: the body’s defense system which protects it from disease  D…Deficiency: lack of something or weakness (the immune system is weak)  S…Syndrome: symptoms associated with a particular disease

7. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 6  H…Human  I…Immunodeficiency  V…Virus  H…Human  I…Immunodeficiency  V…Virus AIDS is caused by:

8. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 7 You can become infected with HIV from  a mosquito bite  having sex with a person once  sharing syringes used for drugs  kissing someone who is infected  sharing a toothbrush You can become infected with HIV from  a mosquito bite  having sex with a person once  sharing syringes used for drugs  kissing someone who is infected  sharing a toothbrush True or False?

9. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 8  AIDS can be cured if treated early  You can tell by looking at someone if he/she has HIV/AIDS  A pregnant woman can pass on HIV to her baby  AIDS can be cured if treated early  You can tell by looking at someone if he/she has HIV/AIDS  A pregnant woman can pass on HIV to her baby True or False?

10. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 9  You can avoid getting HIV by washing before and after having sex  A person can be infected with HIV for 10 years or more, yet show no symptoms  A person can die from AIDS within a few years of being infected with HIV  You can avoid getting HIV by washing before and after having sex  A person can be infected with HIV for 10 years or more, yet show no symptoms  A person can die from AIDS within a few years of being infected with HIV True or False?

11. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 10  Semen  Vaginal fluid  Blood  Breast milk  Semen  Vaginal fluid  Blood  Breast milk Body fluids that can spread HIV:

12. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 11  Sex  Needles, medical implements  Mother to child  Blood transfusions  Sex  Needles, medical implements  Mother to child  Blood transfusions HIV spreads through:

13. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 12  HIV does not spread through non-sexual contacts between people

14. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 13  Always follow universal precautions when providing care to injured people

15. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 14  Many people know the basic facts about HIV/AIDS, but attitudes and practices may expose them to infection

16. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 15  Likelihood of you contracting HIV or passing it to others Personal Risk Assessment:

17. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 16  Had sex without a condom?  Paid money for sex?  Been so drunk that you do not remember having sex?  Had sex without a condom?  Paid money for sex?  Been so drunk that you do not remember having sex? Have you ever:

18. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 17  Had anal sex without using a condom?  Had sex with a woman during her menstrual flow?  Has your spouse or partner ever had sex with another person?  Had anal sex without using a condom?  Had sex with a woman during her menstrual flow?  Has your spouse or partner ever had sex with another person? Have you ever:

19. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 18  Shared a syringe or needle for injecting drugs?  Had a blood transfusion?  Assisted a bleeding casualty without using gloves?  Shared a syringe or needle for injecting drugs?  Had a blood transfusion?  Assisted a bleeding casualty without using gloves? Have you ever:

20. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 19  Practised sexual cleansing/ widow inheritance?  Used a defective condom?  Had a sexually transmitted disease?  Practised sexual cleansing/ widow inheritance?  Used a defective condom?  Had a sexually transmitted disease? Have you ever:

21. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 20 STIs

22. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 21 STIs

23. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 22 STIs

24. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 23 STIs

25. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 24 The Butterfly Scenario: you meet someone you like…a lot.

26. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 25 The Butterfly You don’t have a condom and want to make an exception in having unprotected sex. You don’t know, however, that the person has had unprotected sex with other people. In terms of the risk of HIV, you are effectively having sex with them as well…

27. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 26 The Butterfly …and with anyone those people had unprotected sex with.

28. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 27 The Butterfly Suddenly the bed is getting very crowded!

29. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 28 The Butterfly Suddenly the bed is getting very crowded!

30. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 29 The Butterfly Only one person in the chain needs to be HIV-positive for the future partners to become infected.

31. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 30 The Butterfly This is the butterfly. The same is true for both sexual partners.

32. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 31  Is this weapon loaded?

33. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 32  You cannot know whether someone has HIV or an STI, just by looking at them. The only way to know for sure is to have an HIV test.

34. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 33 Testing helps you to:  Protect yourself  Protect others  Plan for your life  Medical considerations  “Window period”

35. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 34  Protect yourself every time you have sex  One exception risks your health and that of others  Choose to protect yourself and others from HIV and STIs  Protect yourself every time you have sex  One exception risks your health and that of others  Choose to protect yourself and others from HIV and STIs

36. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 35  A… Abstinence  B… Being faithful  C… Condom use  A… Abstinence  B… Being faithful  C… Condom use

37. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 36  Check expiration date  Do not tear package with your teeth  Always use a condom  Use only one condom at a time  Do not use oil-based lubricants  Dispose of condom securely  Check expiration date  Do not tear package with your teeth  Always use a condom  Use only one condom at a time  Do not use oil-based lubricants  Dispose of condom securely

38. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 37  They are too small

39. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 38  Optimist! A condom is tested to hold seven litres!

40. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 39  They are too slippery

41. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 40  If the sex is not great, it is not the condom’s fault!

42. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 41  Risk-taking environment – feeling invincible, being “macho”  Peer pressure  Loneliness – being away from home  Use of alcohol and drugs  Risk-taking environment – feeling invincible, being “macho”  Peer pressure  Loneliness – being away from home  Use of alcohol and drugs

43. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 42  Breakdown of social networks

44. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 43

45. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 44  Peacekeepers have a duty of care

46. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 45  Sexual activity with children (anyone under the age of 18)  Exchange of money, employment, goods or services for sex  Buying sex from prostitutes  Sexual activity with children (anyone under the age of 18)  Exchange of money, employment, goods or services for sex  Buying sex from prostitutes United Nations standards of conduct prohibit

47. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 46  The United Nations strongly discourages sexual relationships between peacekeepers and people in the mission area because relationships would be based on unequal power dynamics

48. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 47 Peacekeepers in Liberia with the HIV/AIDS awareness card

49. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 48 Peacekeepers in Timor Leste staging World AIDS Day

50. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 49  Understand the significance of HIV/AIDS before deployment

51. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 50  Failure to prevent will have far-reaching consequences for all concerned

52. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 51  AIDS is a deadly disease – No cure or vaccine exists

53. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 52  HIV/AIDS is found everywhere!

54. SGTM 16 A: HIV/AIDS Slide 53  HIV infection is preventable!