2. Let’s Begin with a Timeline 1500s-1600s: EXPLORERS -Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492 -Juan Ponce de Leon discovered Florida in 1513 1600s: First COLONISTS -Jamestown was established in 1607 -The Mayflower arrived in 1620 1500 1550 1600 1650

3. 1754-French and Indian War 1775: Revolutionary War Begins 1776: Declaration of Independence 1861: Civil War Begins 1700 1850 1800 1750

4. Colonist Times  The colonists moved to America in early 1600s and made colonies  The colonists were BRITISH citizens (meaning they were still citizens of England, even though they were living on another continent)  The colonies were meant to make money for England (remember all that America had- fish, wood, indigo, whales)

5. Colonies Continued…  The colonists were ruled by the King of England  However, the colonists had a lot of freedom  They may have legally been apart of England, but you couldn’t really tell  The colonists had their own town halls to discuss colonial issues  Colonists were very independent

6. Causes of the American Revolution 1) The French and Indian War 2)Proclamation of 1763 3) The Sugar Act 4)The Quartering Act 5) Stamp Act 6) Tea Act 7) Boston Massacre 8) Boston Tea Party 9) Intolerable Acts

7. French and Indian War- 1754-1763  A seven year war between the French and the Indians in America VS England and the colonists  French lost and gave up their land in America  Britain spent a LOT of money on the war  Britain needed to find a way to make up all that money….so they started to tax the colonists…

8. Proclamation of 1763  Britain made a law that the colonists couldn’t move west of the Appalachian mountains  Britain reserved that area for the Indians  Colonists were mad that they couldn’t do what they wanted and move

9. TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION  England just wanted the colonists to help pay for the war, so they started making taxes…that’s fair, right?  After all, Britain started the war to protect the colonists from Indian attack  BUT: the colonists did not have a say in the British government (since they were in America, not Britain!) meaning they couldn’t help decide the laws  That means the colonists were being taxed like citizens, but weren’t given the same rights as citizens in Britain

10. That would be like…  The head of Arizona schools, Tom Horn, is making all students in Roosevelt pay taxes to help improve all Arizona schools  Well, that’s a good reason, since we’re all apart of Arizona  BUT: students in the Roosevelt District don’t get a say in School Board Meetings and could NOT help decide how their money was being used  What if the tax money was being spent on stuff you thought was bad, but you couldn’t say anything because you weren’t included in the meetings?

11. The Sugar Act  Colonists had to pay a tax on all molasses that was shipped to America  It also placed a tax on the importation of additional items, such as silk and wine  The Colonists were very mad and many refused to buy these things  Instead, colonists paid others to smuggle these items into the country

12. The Quartering Act  England had a lot of soldiers in America from the French and Indian War  England didn’t have enough money to house and feed all of the soldiers  England made a law that colonists had to allow soldiers to sleep and eat in their houses  Obviously, colonists were not happy that they had to spend money and time to help British soldiers!

13. That would be like…  A soldier who was in the U.S. today could walk up to your door and tell you that he was staying for the night.  Your parents would have to make more food for him, or go out and but more food and YOU would have to give up your bed for him to sleep…

14. The Stamp Act  Britain still needed more money….  Colonists had to pay a tax on every piece of paper printed (newspapers, documents, licenses…)

15. That would be like…  If Mr. Horn, the head of Arizona schools, made all of us pay a nickel every time we used a piece of paper.  What all do we use paper for…?  Imagine if every time you wrote an invitation or drew on a piece of paper, you had to pay 5 cents!  Imagine how much teachers would have to pay!!!

16. The Boston Massacre-1770  Since the colonists were so mad and kept making trouble for England, England sent soldiers to the colonies  On night, at a British office in Boston, a group of sixty colonists starting throwing snowballs at the English soldiers  A gunshot was fired, and in the end, 5 colonists were killed and 11 injured

17. The Tea Act- 1773  England made a law that ONLY the East India Company could sell tea in America  The tea was actually sold at a cheaper price  But the colonists rebelled against it because it was another example of “taxation without representation”  Colonists refused to buy the tea

18. The Boston Tea Party- 1773  The British would not allow ships to leave Boston Harbor if they still had unsold tea on them  50 colonists dressed as Indians boarded three ships and dumped 90,000 pounds of tea into the water

19. The Intolerable Acts- 1774  Obviously, the English were mad about the Boston Tea Party  As a punishment, Britain made new laws: -They closed the port of Boston, and said they would not open it until the dumped tea had been repaid -England took control over the Massachusetts government and would appoint all officials. -Sheriffs and juries would be chosen by the English government