1. KEAN UNIVERSITY Visual C++ Dr. K. Shahrabi

2. Developer studio Is a self-contain environment for creating, compiling, linking and testing windows program. Developer studio incorporate a range of fully integrated tools designed to make the whole process of writing windows programs easy.

3. System Components Editor Compiler Linker Libraries AppWizard ClassWizard

4. Editor Provides an interactive environment for creating and editing C++ source code. –Cut –Paste –Color cues to differentiate between various language elements The editor automatically recognize fundamental words in the C++ and assigns a color to them according to what they are.

5. Compiler Converts the source code into machine language. Detects and reports error in the compilation process. –Invalid program code. –Unrecognized program code. –Structural errors part of program can never be executed

6. Compiler Output Output from the compiler is known as object code. Output is stored in a file called object file, which usually have name with extension.obj

7. Linker Linker combines the various modules generated by the compiler from source code file. Adds required code modules from program libraries supplied as part of C++, and welds everything into an executable whole. It can detect and report errors. –Missing part of program –Non-existent libraries

8. Libraries Support and extends the C++ language by providing routines to carry out operations which are not part of the language. –Calculating square root –Calculating sine

9. Types of Libraries Standard library Microsoft Foundation Class (MFC) library

10. Standard library Contains routines that are not platform specific. Common to all C++ compilers. The extension to standard set are not universal.

11. MFC Library A set of structured components that provides the basis for all the windows program. MFC is referred to as an application framework

12. AppWizard AppWizard automatically generates a basic framework for windows program.

13. ClassWizard Provides an easy mean of extending the classes generated by AppWizard as part of your basic windows program. It help to add new classes, based on classes in the MFC, to support the functionality you want to include in your program.

14. Project A program of some kind. A console program. –A program that have none of the baggage required for windows program (character-based DOS).

15. Project Workspace A folder in which all the information relating to a project is stored. When you create a project, a project workspace is generated automatically. Developer Studio will maintain all of the source code and other files in the project workspace.

16. Project Workspace Contain other folders to store the output from compiling and linking the project. Further project can be added to the same project workspace (subprojects). Any project can be a subproject of another (not recommended)

17. Defining a Project Project name. List of all the source files. Definition of what sort of program is to be built from the source files. –.exe program –console program

18. Defining a Project Option set for the editor, the compiler, the linker and other components of Visual C++. Windows to be displayed in Developer Studio when the project is opened.

19. Defining a Project Project are stored in a file with the extension.dsp or.mak.

20. Files Type.dsp or.mak.opt.dsw.exe.obj.ilk.pch.pdb

21. Files Type.dsp or.mak –Contains information about how your program is to be created from the files in the project workspace and is produced when you create project workspace..opt –Contains setting for the project workspace.

22. Files Type.dsw –Is used to store further information about the workspace, such as what project it contains..exe –Is the executable file for program. This file can be obtained if both compile and link steps are successful.

23. Files Type.obj –Object file and it is created by compiler. This file containing machine code from your program source files. –These are used by linker, along with files from the libraries, to produce your.exe file

24. Files Type.ilk –It enable the linker to incrementally link the object files produced from modified source code into the existing.exe file.pch –pre-compiled header

25. Files Type.pdb –This file contains debugging information that is used when you execute a program in debug mode

26. Step one First step in writing a Visual C++ program is to create a project. –Select File from the main menu option –Select New from the File menu option –Select project –Define project type –File name

27. Step two Select File from main menu option Select New from File menu option Select C++ source code Start typing your program

28. Step Three Select File from main menu option Select save from File menu option Type a file name

29. Step Four Click right mouse key Select Add to Project

30. Step Five Click Build Button from main menu Run your program

31. Program Type the following program # include int main(void) { cout<<“any text” <<endl <<“any text” <<endl<<endl; return0; }

32. Project Folder Look in project folder for subfolder called Debug. This folder must contains the output of the build that you did.

33. Project Folder Click Start Click Programs Click Windows Explorer Select Program Files Select DevStudio Select MyProjects Select Project Name Select Debug

34. Project Folder This folder must contain the following: *.exe *.ilk *.obj *.pch *.pdb vc50.idb vc50.pdb

35. Executing Program There are different ways for executing a program. 1.From Explorer 2.From C++ development environment a.From main menu b.From toolbar

36. Executing Program Double-click the.exe file from Explorer. OR Select Build from main menu Select Execute ‘file name’.exe from Build menu. OR Click on toolbar button for this menu item (!).

37. Structure of a C++ Program One or more functions. A function is a self-contained block of code with a unique name. main( )

38. Structure of a C++ Program Execution start with main ( ) int main ( ) { input_name ( ); sort_name ( ); output_name ( ); return 0; } void input_name ( ) { //… return ; } void sort_name ( ) { //… return ; } void output_name ( ) { //… return ; } Goes back to operating system

39. Structure of a C++ Program //comment #compiler look for first includecompiler will add to main iostream.hheader file intinteger endlend line & start on new line coutsend to display

40. Example1 Add to integer variables and display the result. //example1 #include int main() { int A, B, C; //Declare integer variables A=10; B=20;//Set initial values C=A+B;//Add A and B cout <<endl;//Start a new line cout <<"A+B=" <<C;//Display cout <<endl<<endl; return 0; }

41. Example 2 //example2 #include int Add (int x, int y) { return (x+y); } main() { int a, b, c; //Declare integer variables cout << "Enter two numbers:"<<endl; cout <<"a="; cin >> a; //Enter a value for a cout<<"b="; cin >> b;//Enter a value for b c=Add(a,b);//Call Add ( ) cout <<endl;//Start a new line cout <<"a+b=" <<c;//Display cout <<endl<<endl; return 0; }

42. Example3 //example3 #include int Add (int x, int y) { return (x+y); } int Sub (int x, int y) { return (x-y); } main() { int a, b, c, d; //Declare integer variables cout << "Enter two numbers:"<<endl; cout <<"a="; cin >> a; //Enter a value for a cout<<"b="; cin >> b;//Enter a value for b c=Sub(a,b);//Call Sub ( ) d=Add(a,b);//Call Add ( ) cout <<endl;//Start a new line cout <<"a-b=" <<c;//Display cout <<endl; cout <<"a+b=" <<d;//Display cout <<endl<<endl; return 0; }

43. Variable Type unsigned short int2 bytes0 to 65535 short int2 bytes-32768 to 32768 unsigned long int4 bytes0 to 4294967295 long int4 bytes-2147483648 to 2147483647 int2 bytes-32768 to 32768 unsigned int2 bytes0 to 65535

44. Variable Type Char1 byte256 character float4 bytes1.2 e-38 to 3.4 e38 double8 bytes2.2 e-308 to 1.8 e308

45. Keywords C++ reserved words (keywords). Keywords can not be used as name in program. asm, auto, bool, break, case, catch, char, class, const, const_cast, continue, default, delete, do, double, dynamic_cast, else, enum, explicit, export, extern, false, float, for, friend, goto, if, inline, int, long, mutable, namespace, new, operator, private, protected, public, register, reinterpret_cast, return, short, signed, sizeof

46. Keywords static, static_cast, struct, switch, template, this, throw, true, try, typedef, typeid, union, unsigned, using, virtual, void, volatile, wchar_t, while,