1. Physical Features: Phases of the Moon P1 - Time for the Moon to orbit around the Earth once P2 - Direction of the Moon’s rotation around the Moon P3 - Time for the Moon to complete its cycle of phases. P4 - Cause of Phases P5 - General Direction of the Moon’s rising P6 - Change in phase over time P7 - Phase and Sun-Earth-Moon positions P8 - Phase - location in sky - time of observation relationship P9 - Effect on Moon phase with Change in location on Earth

2. Conceptual Gain by physical feature P1 - Time for the Moon to orbit around the Earth once (1.0) P2 - Direction of the Moon’s rotation around the Moon (.69) P3 - Time for the Moon to complete its cycle of phases. (.95) P4 - Cause of Phases (.78) P5 - General Direction of the Moon’s rising (.77) P6 - Change in phase over time (-.026) P7 - Phase and Sun-Earth-Moon positions (.47) P8 - Phase - location in sky - time of observation relationship. (0.46) P9 - Effect on Moon phase with Change in location on Earth (.67) Pre Average: 39 Post Average: 77

3. Astronomy: Phases of Moon with Physical Feature P7 0 20 40 60 80 % 100 V1V2V3 Incorrect Correct Null 0 20 40 60 80 % 100 V1V2V3 Incorrect Correct Null Correct - Phases caused by shadow of the Earth Incorrect - Phases caused by Alignment of Earth/Sun and Moon Null Model