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Lesson 11 – Sino-American Relations Essential Question What led to the normalization of relations between the PRC and the US? Learning Outcomes - Students will: Preview – Why détente? Learn about the Sino-US rapproachment Success Criteria I can discuss who benefited from the Sino-US detente
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Preview Why do you think the US and China would decide to normalize relations? What were their disagreements? What do they think would be gained?
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Vocab One China Policy Détente Ping pong diplomacy
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Background – 1950s 2 nd Chinese Civil War – US supported the KMT Korean War – PRC forces attack US forces as they approached the Yalu River Taiwan – US gives ‘China’s seat’ in the UN and Security Council, not mainland China – “One China Policy” 1954 – Mao bombs Quemoy and Matsu, along with US naval vessels US gives further economic and military aid SEATO – containment in Asia What do you think the key issues are for Sino-American Relations?
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Background – 1960s Failure of the Great Leap Forward and Cultural Revolution China focused on domestic, rather than foreign, policy Vietnam War America is focused elsewhere
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Detente Why did US want detente Vietnam showed containment didn’t work Nixon PRC had a nuclear bomb and ICBM Reduce commitments in Asia Why did China want detente Sino-Soviet split China gets UN and US out of Asia Worried about Japan China place amongst the Third World Pg. 141 – find evidence to support each point Pg. 142 – find evidence to support each point
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Detente April 1971 – Ping pong diplomacy US ping-pong team visits China and vice versa At the time, Kissinger and Nixon communicated with China secretly July 1971 – Kissinger secretly visits China Feb 1972 – Nixon makes an official visit to China
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What happened? China Got…. UN membership – 1971 Nixon supports giving PRC China’s seat on the Security Council and UN membership China able to gain links to other 3 rd World countries in the UN Taiwan – US would no longer oppose PRC but will not give up Taiwan Japan – 1978 – Treaty of friendship signed and second most important trading partner US got… Vietnam – Sino-US détente gave weight to negotiations with Soviet backed N. Vietnamese Soviets – forced to maintain detente Who benefited most from this Sino-US détente?
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