1. Galvanic Current Vickie Mickey, CT,CLHRP

2. What is Galvanic Current? Galvanic (electrolysis) is a modality of permanent hair removal using direct current with the positive and negative poles that causes the production of caustic lye in the hair follicle, which in turn causes the hair’s destruction

3. History 19 th century women inserted unsterile needles into the hair follicle to remove, tweezed the hair, in order to produce inflammation that they believed would seal the hair follicle Sulphuric acid applied to the skin and hypodermic injections of carbolic acid were attempted to removal hair Twisting of a bulb needle in to the follicle was another attempt to remove hair

4. History 1875 Dr. Charles Michel introduced galvanic current into a ingrown eyelash From this day forward electrolysis (including thermolysis and blend modalities) has been the only permanent hair Galvanic current is basically a chemical process

5. How Galvanic Electrolysis Works Galvanic current is DC, that is current that moves in only one direct DC in a saline solution causes the separation and rearranges of chemical components Water (H20) and sodium chloride (NaCL) become sodium hydroxide or lye The galvanic machine is turned on, the AC is turned into DC with the rectifier when the needle is introduced into the hair follicle

6. Effects of Galvanic Lye on Tissue Skin is not affected in the same way as the experiment we have just completed The tissue is only affected where the where there is moisture The moisture gradient is best in the lower portion of the hair follicle where the blood supply is connected to the follicle Additionally, the sebaceous gland protects the upper portion of the hair follicle with sebum

7. Needle Depth & Current Intensity The reading on the millammeter will vary according to the depth of insertion into the follicle Deeper insertions permit higher intensity of galvanic current With the information – what would be the best type of hair to treat with galvanic current During multiple needles treatments all needle must be the same length and inserted into the deepest point of the follicle to be effective

8. Components of the Galvanic Epilator Rheostat – controls current levels Milliamperemeter – indicates current level in tissue Power source – AC 2 electrodes – needle holder is the negative pole and the ground is the positive pole

9. How it works When the needle is inserted into the tissue negative pole produces alkali, sodium hydroxide The positive pole produces an acid – hydrochloric acid Student should not be concerned about reversing poles with modern equipment, it will not permit tattooing

10. Concentrated Effects Needle diameter is of importance to the reduction of hair growth Use a needle that is the same size as the hair to be removed during the treatment, it reduces pain and affords proper flow of current a the tip Select a needle that will reach the depth of the follicle

11. Procedure for Setting Up Equipment Place clean sterile needle in sanitized needle holder – do not touch needles while inserting in machine Area of tissue to be treated should be disinfected with alcohol Select a needle of proper length and needle size – usually you will use.004 -.006 Set galvanic rheostat control to zero

12. Procedures for Setting Up Equipment Step on galvanic footswitch, advance rheostat until current read 2/10 0f a millampere Continue the current until testing of hair with tweezers releases hair from follicle DO NOT TWEEZE HAIR - SLIDE Remove needle from follicle as you have reached your desired destruction of follicle tissue

13. Procedures for Setting Up Equipment Examine the root of the epilated hair Do you need to adjust depth of insertion? Reinsert the needle into a like type of hair, if the patient found the first application tolerable, advance the current to 3/10, reduces time of treatment per hair Current X Time = lye production Further steps may permit increasing current in increments – the more current the patient can tolerate the faster the hair can removed

14. Remember! To destroy tissue and achieve proper treatment, naturally pain will occur No pain indicates – no issue destruction Find a working point that is tolerable to the patient Constantly communicate with patient in regards to comfort level

15. Interpreting the Epilated Hair The first hair may not be perfect – one with bulb and root sheath intact Remember this is only your first attempt! You must find your working point or setting

16. Types of Hairs Every hair is in a different growth stage Hairs can only be treated in anagen Hair that is epilated properly the hair will side out of the follicle without resistance