1. BULLSEYE VOCABULARY UNIT 1

2. Federalism Good Luck on your Test!!!!!!!!!!

3. A way of organizing a nation so that both national and state levels of government have some authority over the same land and people?

4. Federalism

5. Broad program grants given more or less automatically to states and communities, which exercise discretion in how the money is spent?

6. Block Grants

7. Grants that can be used only for specific purposes of state and local spending?

8. Categorical Grants

9. where state and the national government responsibilities are mingled and blurred like a marble cake; powers and policies are shared?

10. Cooperative Federalism

11. Transferring responsibility for policies from the federal government to state and local governments?

12. Devolution

13. where states and the national government each remain supreme within their own spheres of power?

14. Dual Federalism

15. The statement in the Constitution which says that Congress has the power to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying out its duties?

16. Elastic Clause

17. Powers of Congress found in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution?

18. Enumerated Powers

19. The Constitution requires each state to return a person charged with a crime in another state to that state for trial or imprisonment?

20. Extradition

21. A system of shared power between two or more levels of government?

22. Federalism

23. Pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system?

24. Fiscal Federalism

25. A type of categorical grant where states and local governments do not apply for a grant but are given funds on the basis of a formula?

26. Formula Grants

27. Article IV of the Constitution requires states to provide reciprocity toward other states’ public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings?

28. Full Faith & Credit

29. 1824 Supreme Court case which further expanded Congress’ power to regulate interstate and international commerce by defining commerce very broadly to incorporate every form of commercial activity?

30. Gibbons v. Ogden

31. Powers beyond Congress’ enumerated powers that ensure that it can carry out its duties?

32. Implied Powers

33. A system where all power resides in the central government?

34. Unitary System

35. The term used to describe the entire set of interactions among national, state, and local governments?

36. Intergovernmental Relations

37. A system where all power resides in decentralized government?

38. Confederal System

39. 1819 Supreme Court case, which established the supremacy of the national government over the states, included both enumerated and implied powers of Congress?

40. McCulloch v. Maryland

41. The Constitution prohibits states from discriminating against citizens of other states?

42. Privileges and Immunities

43. Categorical grants awarded on the basis of competitive applications?

44. Project Grant

45. Article VI of the Constitution states that the supreme law of the land is the Constitution, the laws of the national government, and treaties?

46. Supremacy Clause

47. Specifies that powers not delegated to the national government are reserved for the state government or the people?

48. 10 th Amendment

49. Powers that are not implied but are specifically written in ink and can be seen with the eyes in the Constitution?

50. Expressed Powers

51. No longer exist but had no restrictions at all on how states could spend money from the federal government?

52. Revenue Sharing

53. Another name for the Elastic Clause?

54. Necessary & Proper Clause

55. Clause that gives National government control over trade between the states; lately expanded to any economic activity?

56. Commerce Clause

57. Rule telling states what they must do whether they receive money or not; ex. ADA?

58. Federal Mandate

59. A power exercised by both state and national governments?

60. Concurrent Powers

61. Nickname for Cooperative Federalism?

62. Marble Cake Federalism

63. Nickname for Dual Federalism?

64. Layer Cake Federalism

65. The argument that states can refuse to enforce federal laws perceived as unconstitutional?

66. Nullification

67. Tug of War argument over the meaning of federalism that eventually caused the Civil War?

68. State’s Rights vs National Rights

69. Nickname for Devolution?

70. New Federalism

71. State and local officials that form groups to get Federal Grant money?

72. Intergovernmental Lobby

73. States must use this to get Categorical Grants?

74. Matching Funds

75. Requirements of states by the national government that is not financed?

76. Unfunded Mandates

77. Requirements of states by the national government in order to get funds?

78. Conditions -Of – Aid

79. Goal of President Reagan’s New Federalism?

80. Decrease size of National Government

81. Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court that strengthened the National Government?

82. John Marshall

83. Which government has power over drinking ages, marriage, and education?

84. State

85. In fiscal federalism, how does the national government wield power over the states?

86. Through withholding funds

87. What two things allowed the federal government to influence a national speed limit of 50mph?

88. withholding funds & Interest groups lobbying Congress (MADD)

89. Under federalism, an advantage is that states serve to encourage experimentation of create policies. Who adopts these ideas?

90. The National Government Adopts them

91. 1.Population too dispersed for unitary system 2.Americans loyal to state government 3.Confederation failed 4.Transportation & communication to primitive for unitary

92. Reasons Federal System was adopted

93. What federal law gives states the right to disregard same-sex marriages made in other states?

94. Defense of Marriage Act

95. The main instrument the national government uses to influence state governments?

96. Grants-in-aid

97. The principal type of federal aid for states and localities?

98. Categorical grants

99. The pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal system?

100. Fiscal Federalism

101. The most common type of Categorical grant?

102. Project grants

103. Grants for specific programs distributed according to community demographic factors, such as population or income?

104. Formula grants