1. Trends in Federalism/Grant System

2. Odds and Ends: *Police powers: Right to create and enforce laws that promote health, safety, and morals.

3. Odds and Ends: *Police powers: Right to create and enforce laws that promote health, safety, and morals. *Constitution guarantees a republican form of government at the state level, but many states have elements of direct democracy:

4. Odds and Ends: *Police powers: Right to create and enforce laws that promote health, safety, and morals. *Constitution guarantees a republican form of government at the state level, but many states have elements of direct democracy: Referendum

5. Odds and Ends: *Police powers: Right to create and enforce laws that promote health, safety, and morals. *Constitution guarantees a republican form of government at the state level, but many states have elements of direct democracy: Referendum Initiative

6. Odds and Ends: *Police powers: Right to create and enforce laws that promote health, safety, and morals. *Constitution guarantees a republican form of government at the state level, but many states have elements of direct democracy: Referendum Initiative Recall

7. Trends in Federalism: Dual federalism: Separate and independent role for the state and national government. Cooperative federalism: State and national levels working together.

8. *The big trend has been a move from dual federalism to cooperative federalism:

9. Started with the 14th amendment

10. *The big trend has been a move from dual federalism to cooperative federalism: Started with the 14th amendment Progressive Era (early 1900s)

11. *The big trend has been a move from dual federalism to cooperative federalism: Started with the 14th amendment Progressive Era (early 1900s) New Deal (1930s)

12. Grant System (Fiscal Federalism): Fiscal Federalism: Federal money granted to the states. Types of grants: 1. Categorical- A. Project-

13. Grant System (Fiscal Federalism): Fiscal Federalism: Federal money granted to the states. Types of grants: 1. Categorical- A. Project- B. Formula-

14. Grant System (Fiscal Federalism): Fiscal Federalism: Federal money granted to the states. Types of grants: 1. Categorical- A. Project- B. Formula- 2. Block grants-

15. Trends in grants: 1. Federal money has increased

16. Trends in grants: 1. Federal money has increased 2. Increasing "conditions of aid" and mandates

17. Trends in grants: 1. Federal money has increased 2. Increasing "conditions of aid" and mandates 3. Shift from categorical grants to block grants