1. What is the leading cause of death in the US? A.Car Accident B.Genetic Diseases C.Cardiovascular Diseases D.Natural Causes

2. Cardiovascular Diseases Includes heart attacks, strokes, & high blood pressure What can we do to prevent cardiovascular disease?

3. The Circulatory System

4. The Heart Near the center of the chest, slightly to the left Atrium (right & left): upper chambers of the heart Ventricle (right & left): lower chambers of the heart

6. Right Atrium Left Atrium Right Ventricle Left Ventricle Lungs Pulmonary Artery Through tricuspid valve Body Pulmonary Vein Through bicuspid (mitral) valve Aorta Superior Vena Cava

7. Video

8. Circulatory & Respiratory Systems Remember that your body’s cells need oxygen to make energy, but they produce carbon dioxide as a waste product. – That’s why we breathe in oxygen & exhale carbon dioxide! When your blood flows through the body, it drops off O 2 to your cells & picks up CO 2. When the blood gets back to the lungs, it drops off the CO 2 waste & picks up more O 2.

9. Pathway of Blood through the Heart 1.A large vein called the superior vena cava brings the blood from the upper part of the body to the heart, where it enters the right atrium. 2.The blood is pumped out of the right atrium into the right ventricle. 3.Travels through the pulmonary artery to the lungs where it picks up oxygen.

10. Pathway of Blood through the Heart 4. From the lungs, blood travels through the pulmonary veins and returns to the heart, where it enters the left atrium. 5. Finally, the blood is forced from the left ventricle into the aorta which carries it to the tissues of the body.

11. Which 2 chambers of the heart carry oxygenated blood? A.Left & Right Ventricles B.Left & Right Atriums C.Left Atrium & Left Ventricle D.Right Atrium & Right Ventricle When blood flows into the lungs, it drops off CO 2 & picks up O 2. From the lungs, the blood flows into the left atrium, then to the left ventricle.

12. Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen to the body’s cells. Where is it found? A.Tissues of the Heart B.Tissues of the Lungs C.Bone Marrow D.Blood

13. What’s blood made of? Red Blood Cells: transport oxygen to the body via hemoglobin White Blood Cells: part of the immune system Platelets: involved in blood clotting Plasma: fluid portion of blood – 90% water, 10% dissolved substances

14. Within a tiny drop of blood, there are… 5 million red blood cells… 300,000 platelets… 10,000 white blood cells!

15. Which type of blood cells play a direct role in the immune system? A.Red Blood Cells B.White Blood Cells C.Platelets D.All of the above

16. 3 Types of Blood Vessels Veins: blood vessels that return blood to the heart Arteries: blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the body tissues Capillaries: smallest blood vessels, bring nutrients & oxygen to tissues & absorb carbon dioxide & waste products All of the blood vessels in your body measure about 60,000 miles!

17. Which type of blood vessels carry deoxygenated blood (no oxygen)? A.Veins B.Arteries C.Capillaries D.None of the above

18. Which type of blood vessels deliver nutrients from the food you eat to your body’s cells? A.Veins B.Arteries C.Capillaries D.None of the above

20. Pulmonary Vein vs. Pulmonary Artery The only vein that carries oxygenated blood is the pulmonary vein. The only artery that carries deoxygenated blood is the pulmonary artery. Remember! Arteries carry blood away from the heart, while veins carry blood to the heart!

21. Blood Clotting An important process to stop excess bleeding if a blood vessel is injured Platelets & proteins in the plasma work together to form a blood clot to cover the injury. Sometimes, clots form in the blood vessels without there being an injury. These can be DANGEROUS!

22. What could happen if someone gets a blood clot? Heart Attack: lack of oxygen to the heart Stroke: lack of oxygen to the brain Tissue Damage: due to lack of oxygen Video from 1:55

23. Measuring Blood Pressure A blood pressure measurement consists of 2 numbers, a systolic pressure & a diastolic pressure. Your blood pressure measurement should not go above 120/80! – 120 is the systolic pressure, while 80 is the diastolic pressure. High Blood Pressure affects 1 out of 4 American adults! High Blood Pressure leads to other cardiovascular diseases!

24. Place the cuff on your partner’s arm, just above the elbow. Put on the earpieces of the stethoscope & place the disk under the cuff (on the inner arm). Rapidly squeeze the pump to inflate the cuff. When the pointer of the gauge reaches 150, you can stop. Slowly deflate the cuff. A few seconds after the cuff begins to deflate, you will hear a pulsing sound through the stethoscope. The pointer on the gauge will indicate a certain number. This is the systolic pressure. RECORD THIS NUMBER! Continue to deflate the cuff. The pulsing sound will gradually fade away. The number on the gauge after the last pulsing sound is the diastolic pressure. RECORD THIS NUMBER! Blood pressure is written as the systolic pressure/diastolic pressure!

25. Before you leave, answer the following questions on a sheet of paper (share!): What is your blood pressure measurement? Is this healthy? If it is healthy, how will you keep it that way? If it is unhealthy, what will you do to change this?