1. Effective Summary Writing Characteristics and Strategies

2. Lesson Objectives  By the end of this lesson, you should be able to:  Define a summary  Identify the characteristics of a summary  Employ strategies for writing an effective summary

3. Guiding Questions 1.What is a summary? 2.What characterizes an effective summary? 3.How can I write an effective summary?

4. What is a summary?  Essentially, a summary is a shortened version of an original document that presents the key information and details of the document in the writer’s own words.

5. 7 Characteristics of an Effective Summary What characterizes an effective summary?

6. 7 Characteristics of an Effective Summary A summary is much shorter than the original document. 1

7. 7 Characteristics of an Effective Summary A summary presents ALL the main ideas in the original document, but fewer details. 2 Questions: 1.What is the main idea of the original source material? 2.Where is the main idea located in the original compared to the model summary?

8. 6 Characteristics of an Effective Summary A summary does not contain your opinions. 3

9. 7 Characteristics of an Effective Summary A summary presents the information in the same order as the original document. 4 Here are four statements from the original that are out of order. Scan the summary and place them in the correct order. a. World leaders had recognized the importance of education when they adopted the Millennium Declaration 10 years previously b. Education was essential to the health and development of every child. c. The author concluded that universal primary education would ensure a better future for everyone. d.UNICEF estimates millions of children were still out of school

10. 7 Characteristics of an Effective Summary A summary paraphrases the original document and keeps the same meaning. 5 Can you find the paraphrase in the summary for the following statement, located near the end of the 1 st paragraph in the original source: Education is imperative to empowering girls and women. Answer: It was also critical to the empowerment of girls…

11. 7 Characteristics of an Effective Summary A summary does not present any new information not in the original document. 6

12. 7 Characteristics of an Effective Summary A summary is mostly written in the past tense and supported by reported speech. 7 Example of Reported Speech Original: The MD recognized the transformative role… Summary: World leaders HAD RECOGNIZED the transformative role.

13. 7 Characteristics of an Effective Summary 1. A summary is much shorter than the original document. 2.A summary presents ALL the main ideas in the original document, but fewer details. 3.A summary does not contain your opinions. 4.A summary presents the information in the same order as the original document. 5.A summary paraphrases the original document and keeps the same meaning. 6.A summary does not present any new information not in the original document. 7.A summary is written mostly in the past tense, supported by reported speech.

14. 5 Strategies to Write an Effective Summary How can I write an effective summary?

15. 5 Strategies for Writing an Effective Summary Read the original document closely. Highlight the main ideas and most important details. 1

16. 5 Strategies for Writing an Effective Summary Put the original document aside and wait a while before you write the summary. 2

17. 5 Strategies for Writing an Effective Summary Write the main ideas and details from your memory. 3

18. 5 Strategies for Writing an Effective Summary Check your summary against the original. Make sure your summary has the charac- teristics previously mentioned. 4

19. 5 Strategies for Writing an Effective Summary Make any necessary changes to ensure the summary is concise, accurate, ordered and factual and original. 5

20. 5 Strategies for Writing an Effective Summary 1.Read the original document closely. Highlight the main ideas and most important details. 2.Put the original document aside for a while. 3.Write the main ideas and details from your memory. 4.Check your summary against the original. Make sure your summary has the characteristics previously mentioned. 5.Make any necessary changes to ensure the summary is concise, accurate, ordered, factual and original.