1. Colonizing America

2. Armada
a fleet of war ships

9. Roanoke Island
Sir Walter Raleigh’s attempted English settlement off of present day North Carolina
Location of the first European baby born in the Americas named Virginia Dare
Deserted with only clue to whereabouts of settlers being the word “Croatoan” carved into a gatepost
Now known as the “Lost Colony”

11. Charter
a document that gives the holder the right to organize settlements in an area.

13. Joint-Stock Company
a company in which investors buy stock in the company in return for a share of its future profits

16. Jamestown First permanent European settlement in the Americas
Named for King John I
Near mosquito infested swampland
Lack of good farmland

19. John Smith Experienced hunter and soldier Got settlers to work
Set up trade with local tribe to get corn
Return to England began the “starving time”

22. Chief Powhatan
Leader of the Powhatan tribe
Father of Pocahontas

25. John Rolfe Learned to grow tobacco using seeds from India
Jamestown colonists were able to make money for their investors from tobacco

30. Pocahontas Daughter of the Powhatan chief Married John Rolfe
Moved back to England with her husband

32. Headright
50 acres of land given to new colonists

33. House of Burgesses
A church in Jamestown where burgesses met to discuss local laws
the beginning of self government in America

35. William Tucker
the first African American born in American colonies

36. Persecute
to treat someone harshly because of their beliefs or practices

37. Dissent
To disagree or oppose an opinion

38. Puritans
People who wanted to reform the Anglican Church

39. Separatists
People who wanted to break away from the Anglican Church and create their own church

41. Pilgrims
Separatists who made the journey to North America for what they believed to be religious purposes on the Mayflower

42. Mayflower Compact
A formal document that provided a plan for law and order to the Plymouth colony
Declared the Pilgrims loyalty to England

43. Squanto and Samoset
Native Americans who became friends with the Pilgrims and taught them how to grow crops and also helped them set up a treaty with the Wampanoag
Samoset knew English from being kidnapped and brought to England when he was young

45. Great Migration
During the 1630’s over 15,000 Puritans moved to Massachusetts to avoid religious persecution

46. Toleration
acceptance of different beliefs

48. King Philip’s War
Put an end to the Native American power in New England and allowed the colonists to expand without conflict
King Philip is what the settlers called, Chief Metacomet, the Wampanoag leader

51. Dutch Colony Between northern and southern English colony
Called New Amsterdam
On Manhattan Island
Dutch West India Company bought Manhattan Island from the Manhates tribe for a small amount of goods
Became a major location for trade in America

52. Patroon
a landowner in the Dutch colonies who ruled like a king over large areas of land

54. Duke of York
Changed New Amsterdam to New York

55. Proprietary Colony
a colony in which the owner, or proprietor, owned all the land and controlled the government
New Amsterdam (New York) was a proprietary colony

58. William Penn Was a Quaker Founded Pennsylvania
Founded Philadelphia “city of brotherly love”

59. Quakers
a religious group who believed that everyone had and “inner light” that could guide them to salvation and that everyone was equal

60. Pacifists
people who refuse to use force or fight in wars

62. Holy Experiment
According to William Penn; a chance to put Quaker ideals of toleration and equality into practice

63. Seven Year Passengers
Criminals from England and prisoners from Scotland and Ireland were sent to the colonies with a chance to work for their release

64. Indentured Servants
laborers who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to America

66. Mason Dixon Line
The border line between Pennsylvania and Maryland mapped out by British astronomers Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon.

68. Act of Toleration
granted Protestants and Catholics the right to worship freely

70. Nathanial Bacon
Governor of Virginia called him “The greatest rebel that ever was in Virginia”

71. Bacon’s Rebellion
Nathaniel Bacon led his men into Jamestown and burned down the capital, forcing the governor out.
Showed that settlers were not going to be limited to just the coastline.

73. Constitution
a formal plan for government

74. Georgia the last British colony established in America
established as a colony where debtors and poor people could make a fresh start

75. Tenant Farmers
farmer who works land owned by another and pays rent either in cash or crops