1. FYRIRLESTRAMARAÞON HR 2011 | RU LECTURE MARATHON 2011 Marta Kristín Lárusdóttir School of Computer Science Is it easy to use?

2. www.hr.is What is the Best Phone?

3. www.hr.is Measuring How Easy It Is to Use – Usability Evaluation

4. www.hr.is The Motivation for a Study on Usability Evaluation 32 companies in software development –According to the Federation of Icelandic Industries Teaching HCI for 10 year at Reykjavik University –My main focus in research has been on usability evaluation We were interested to focus on the Scrum process –It has become popular in Iceland the last years Interested to know –Are the developers checking if the software is easy to use? –If so, how often do they do that? –If not, why not? –How does that compare to other evaluation/testing practices?

5. www.hr.is Research Methods Questionnaire –26 questions, 21 multiple choice and 5 open Background and experience of the respondent The company where the respondent works The software development process(es) used To which extent and who is conducting different testing techniques The change in conducting software testing when compared to previous/parallel software development process –Was sent out to 20 companies using the Scrum process 25 responds from 18 companies Interviews –6 persons, 3 software testers and 3 Scrum Masters –Main focus on usability and acceptance testing

6. www.hr.is The Respondents in the Survey 25 respondents from 18 companies –76% have a degree in computer science or engineering –68% male, 20% female, 12% did not reply Had various experience in the software industry –16% > 15 years, around 25% 10 – 15 years, 4 – 9 years and 1- 3 years Scrum used in all the companies –Were asked to estimate the extent to which the use Scrum Almost half 81 – 100%, 34% say 21 – 80%, 22% say 0 – 20% –44% said they use their own process beside Scrum –The size of the companies was various 33% up to 19 employees, 28% 20 – 59 emp., 33% over 60 employees Roles –44% Scrum Masters, 24% testers, 20% Product Owners, 12% other

7. www.hr.is Description of Testing Techniques

8. www.hr.is To Which Extent is Testing Done? To which extent are the following types of software testing done in Scrum (Agile) projects? Each type may be done by your Scrum (Agile) team members (company internal) and/or customers (company external), see next question.

9. www.hr.is Who Conducts the Tests? If the following types of software testing are done internally and/or externally, who performs each type in Scrum (Agile) projects? Please regard roles mentioned as individual's primary role on the Scrum (Agile) teams.

10. www.hr.is What is Missing? Testing techniqueLack of training/ knowledge Lack of budget Lack of time OtherN/AN Unit/compontent testing36%0%32%5%27%22 Integration testing11%0%42%0%47%19 System testing7%0%47%0%47%15 Acceptance testing7%0%27%7%60%15 Usability testing20%15%35%10%20%20 Alpha testing0%11% 10%68%19 Beta testing0%11%17%11%61%18 Performance/load testing26%11%32%0%32%19 Security testing47%5%16%0%32%19 If you are using some types of software testing less than others in Scrum (Agile) projects, what is the main reason?

11. www.hr.is The Importance of Usability Testing Testers often part of the teams –Know what functionality they are going to test –Test simultaneously Usability testing important –None wanted to ignore it – wanted more testing occasionally BUT did not have time for usability testing –“Could be good to do it once a year” –“It is always on my mind” –The increments are not that big, no need for usability testing –The users are sometimes not willing to take part

12. www.hr.is Summary Usability and performance testing similar –Unit, integration, system and acceptance testing are much more frequent –The testers want to carefully plan their tests –They do not have time for that in Scrum The implication for further work –Find ways of evaluating the usability on a smaller scale For further information see the paper: –www.ru.is/marta –Larusdottir, M. K., Bjarnadottir, E., Gulliksen, J. "The Focus on Usability in Testing Practices in Industry" accepted for the Human Computer Interaction Symposium at the World Computer Congress 2010, Brisbane, September, 2010.