1. Objective: Understand principles of floral design techniques.

2. Design Principles

3. Floral Design Principles
Balance
Focal point
Proportion
Scale
Accent
Repetition
Rhythm
Harmony
Unity

4. balance
The flower size and container flow together and complement each other

5. Focal point
Creates the accent and interest to catch the eye

6. proportion
Keeps relative size, color and texture of the flowers to create a pleasing arrangement
Floral designs should be at least 1 ½ to 2 times the height or width of the container

7. scale
The design must be in proportion to the surrounding area where it is placed

8. accent
Catches and draws attention to the design

9. Repetition
Accentuates the flowers and colors by repeating their use throughout the design

10. rhythm
Creates a sense of continuity or flowing together

11. harmony
When all parts flow together to give a completed look to the arrangement

12. unity
When the flowers complement each other through color, size and shape

13. Design shapes

14. Floral design shapes Round Oval Fan Triangle Right Angle Inverted T
Vertical
Horizontal
Diagonal
Crescent
Hogarth Curve

15. Round
Floral arrangement is round in shape

16. oval
Floral arrangement is oval in shape

17. fan
Floral arrangement is fan or semicircle in shape

18. triangle
Floral arrangement may be equilateral triangle with all three sides the same length or asymmetrical triangle with sides of different lengths

19. Right angle
Flower arrangement makes an L shape

20. Inverted t
The flowers make an upside down T

21. vertical Floral arrangement is straight up in a bud vase
It is tall, vertical and narrow

22. horizontal
Floral arrangement is long horizontal and short vertical

23. diagonal
Floral arrangement is half way between vertical and horizontal

24. crescent
Floral arrangement is shaped like a quarter moon

25. Hogarth curve
Floral arrangement that is shaped like an S curve

26. Floral tools

27. Floral design tools Floral Foam Styrofoam Wire Wire Cutters Picks
Floral Tape
Shears
Scissors
Ribbon
Floral knife
Containers
Foil

28. Floral Foam Used to hold flowers in a container
Fresh flower floral foam
Absorbs water
Soak it in water prior to starting your arrangement
Dry flower floral foam
Does not absorb water
Used for dried or silk flowers
Very dense

29. styrofoam
Coarse in texture
Used mostly for silk flowers

30. wire Supports flower stems or creates artificial stems
Higher gauge=thinner wire
Ranges from #6- #30 gauge
#22 gauge used for heavy flowers
#24-26 is good general purpose wire, used for securing bows
#28 gauge used for average weight flowers
Paddle wire: (on wooden or plastic spool) used to wire pine cones and accessories to wreaths

31. Wire cutters
Cut wire

32. picks
Wooden picks with wire increase the stem length and attach bows or ribbon used in the design

33. Floral tape
Waterproof tape is used to attach floral foam to the container
Floral tape (stem wrap) is a tacky tape used to wrap wire
Conceals wire and stems when creating boutonnieres and corsages

34. shears
Cut woody stemmed flowers/plants

35. scissors
Cut ribbon or fabric

36. ribbon Sold in bolts by number size and texture Number size #1.5=5/16”
#2=7/16”
#3=9/16” (commonly used for corsages and boutonnieres)
#5=7/8” (commonly used for potted plants)
#9= 1 5/16” (commonly used for potted plants)
#40=2 ½” (commonly used for wreath bows)
#100=4” (commonly used for funeral sprays)

37. ribbon Texture Satin Organza Mesh Burlap Raffia Prints solid Paper
Wired and unwired

38. Floral knife
Cut flower stems

39. Containers Range from bud vases to large containers
Can be made of glass, plastic, glazed pots and light weight liners

40. foil
Paper to wrap potted plant
Sold in pre-cut sheets or rolls

41. Design techniques

42. Design techniques Select a design shape Select appropriate container
Cut floral foam & soak in water for 20 minutes (if needed)
Set foam in container and secure (if needed)
Select filler and arrange to cover the foam. Extend at least 1 ½ times the width of the container
Insert flower to create desired height
Insert additional flowers to make the design outline and focal point
Add other flowers as needed
Arrange filler flowers last to give a completed look