1. ENGINEERING COMPUTING CENTER LINUX workshop

2. WHAT WILL BE COVERED UNIX/Linux Overview Red Hat Enterprise Linux
How to Login
Password Reset
Applications
Command Line
Change Password
Shell Commands and Create Text Files
Linux File-system Hierarchy
File Permissions
Remote Access & File Transfer
Security & ECC Policies

3. UNIX overview
UNIX was developed in 1969 at Bell Labs. Originally used as a workbench for programmers to develop new software for testing.
Main Functions of UNIX:
- High performance
- Resource Sharing
- Multi-User Access
- Programming and Software Development

4. Flavors of unix

5. UNIX distributions Open Source: Linux, Minix, FreeBSD, OpenSolaris
Open & Closed Source:
Android
Closed Source:
MacOS X, Solaris, AIX, HP-UX

6. LINUX Linus Torvalds developed the Linux kernel in 1991.
Collaborated with the GNU Project in 1992, to create the first free operating system for the public.
Many distrubutions of Linux include Debian, Fedora, Mandriva, SUSE, Slackware, and Android
Most distributions are free for use, some are NOT

7. Advantages of a Linux OS?
Hardware/Software
High Compatibility
Resource Allocation/Sharing
Flexibility
Security
Very few Viruses
Encryption
Dynamic Firewall
Choice
Complete Control
Open Source Software
Scripting and Automation
Experimentation

8. RED HAT ENTERPRISE LINUX 6
Originally Released in 2003
Mainly used as enterprise level server OS
Trademark and Support are NOT free
CentOS and Scientific Linux are free rebuilds

9. Centos 6 http://www.centos.org/
A free, community supported enterprise OS.
Exact replica of RedHat Enterprise Linux

10. HOW TO LOGIN OPEN X-WIN 32 FROM START MENU CONFIGURE X-WIN 32:
- New Connection “Manual”
Choose ‘XDMCP’
‘General’ tab
Connection Name: tuxedo
XDMCP mode: Query
HOST: tuxedo.egr.uh.edu
Hit ‘Save’
Hit ‘Launch’
USE ECC UNIX ACCOUNT TO LOGIN

11. RESET PASSWORD (online)
GO TO: Click “Password Reset” Choose the box “I need to reset a password that is not listed here” Enter security information Click “Reset”

12. NAGIVATE THE GUI (GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE)
Applications
- accessories
- word processing
- system tools
- command line (terminal)
Places
- Home folder
- subdirectories
- search for files
System
- Preferences
- Administration Utilities
- System Documentation

13. APPLICATIONS Firefox Libre Office Terminal Text Editors - web browser
- Open source version of Microsoft Word, Excel, Powerpoint
Terminal
- command line shell prompt
- faster than GUI
Text Editors
- EMACS
- VI/ VIM/ NANO (command line)

14. Class software location
Located: /usr/local MATLAB, Abacus, Fluent, Cadence, Comsol, etc…

15. ACCESS THE COMMAND LINE PROMPT
Applications  System tools  Terminal Fully text based command prompt Shell prompt [ <current working directory>] $

16. USING SIMPLE SHELL COMMANDS
Navigation:
ls – list directory contents
ls –l - view files and permissions
pwd – print, current working directory
cd – change directory
cd <directory path>
Ex.
cd /home/user
Copying, Moving, and Deleting
cp – copy files and directories
cp <file source> <file destination>
mv – move or rename file
mv <file source> <file destination>
touch – make basic text files
touch <file name>
mkdir – create a directory
mkdir <directory file path>
rm – delete file or directory (can be destructive)
rm <file path>
rmdir – delete directory (empty directory)
rmdir <file path>

17. SHELL COMMANDS (continued)
Search commands:
find – search for files
Find <sourse directory> -name <name of file or directory> -print
Documentation:
man – manual pages
man <command or application>
Change File Permissions:
chown – change file owner and group
chown owner:group <file path>
chgrp <groupname> <file path>
chmod – change file mode and permissions
chmod <permission number> <filepath>
Read = 4
Write =2
Execute = 1
System commands: top – shows current processes that are running df –h: show the file system disk space usage w – shows who is logged on to the system uptime – see date, load average, and # of users uname –a : to see current OS version and computer hostname Network Statistics Ifconfig – network card information netstat –rn: see IP routing information

18. Change password (command Line)
New password format: mmddyy<last initial>!
Type command in prompt to reset:
yppasswd
Will prompt for old password
Password Rules: Minimum 8 characters. At lease one Capital Letter At least one Special

19. Create & EDITING TEXT FILES
VIM
vim <edit file name or new file create>
NANO
Nano <file>
EMACS
GUI text editor

20. Linux File-system Hierarchy

21. FILE PERMISSIONS drwxrwxrwx First character: rwx permissions:
d = directory (blue)
l = symbolic link (cyan)
‘-’ = a file (white)
rwx permissions:
R = read
W = write
X = execute
First set: owner
Second set: group
Third set: everyone

22. REMOTE ACCESS Ssh – Secure Shell client
A program used for “shell” access to a remote system.
Login using UNIX/Linux terminal (shell), or through “PUTTY”
Use ECC UNIX account info to login
PUTTY (for Windows Use)
- free application
- allows shell logins from a windows desktop

23. Remote access (cont) SSH from PUTTY: Open PUTTY app from Windows
Type the hostname or IP of destination
Port is always 22
Enter ECC-UNIX user ID, and password
If successful, user command prompt will be shown
SSH from another terminal (shell):
Type command: ssh

24. file Transfer WinSCP: Transfer files from Windows to
Linux and vice versa
Installation located
in “software download” on Access UH
Login:
- Open WinSCP program
- Enter user credentials, click login

25. SECURTIY & ECC POLICIES
ECC website
computing-center-policies
ECC Usage Policy
du/files/files/cce_policy_computing.pdf

26. Security DO NOT, give anyone your password
DO NOT, let anyone use your ECC-UNIX account
All activity is being tracked and logged, including command history.
Report any suspicious activity to either Kiet Luong or Zain Marvi
Kiet Luong Zain Marvi
Engineering IT Director System Administrator 1
Information Security Officer