2. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida A Wireless World Emerges? The Benefits and Challenges of Businesses Based on WiFi

3. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Who is Cognio? The market leader in Enterprise WiFi RF tools Based in Germantown, MD Key patent holders in WiFi interference and mitigation with dozens of patents in this space OEMs: AirMagnet, Cisco, Fluke, WildPackets Solutions: tools and embedded solutions for mitigating RF interference 5 year old company focused on spectrum analysis/analytics capabilities

4. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida WiFi Technology Enablers 1.Free spectrum 2.Inexpensive devices 3.Standardization 1.Free spectrum 2.Inexpensive devices 3.Standardization

5. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Driving Innovations in Productivity and Commerce EnvironmentApplications Retail Asset tracking Inventory management In store telephony Mobile kiosks Healthcare Mobile bedside care Location-based call routing Asset tracking Financial services Real time mobile data Guest and contractor access Video surveillance Government Public safety and security Digital communities Emergency services

6. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Meets All of Our Need to be Free 1.Untethered 2.Realtime 3.Fast 1.Untethered 2.Realtime 3.Fast

7. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida The Unlicensed Band Experiment Unlicensed band “We are about to have an unplanned real-time experiment on the consequences of uncoordinated spectral sharing … using incompatible etiquette rules” - USA Federal Communications Commission, Technical Advisory Committee Meeting Report 12/00

8. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida The Experiment is a Success! Experimental Result: Many device types and devices

9. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Are we heading for a train wreck?

10. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida For WiFi, other WiFi is a problem Co-channel interference (CCI) comes from another AP located on the same channel –Ex. AP next door –Ex. Neighboring cell –With CSMA, effectively share the capacity Adjacent channel interference (ACI) comes from an AP on an overlapping channel –Ex. I am on channel 1, another AP is on channel 2 –Can be more worse than (CCI)

11. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida And then, there’s the rest…

12. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Performance Requirements for Applications +/-20ms30ms1.5* 10 -3 16 kbps2 perMQ Voice Calls +/-5ms10ms1.5* 10 -3 128 kbps2 perHQ Voice Calls >100ms 0500 kbps1Low Speed Data >100ms 02 Mbps1Med. Speed Data >100ms 010 Mbps1High Speed Data +/-10ms100ms5.8* 10 -5 256 kbps1CD Quality Audio +/-5ms10ms3.6* 10 -5 3 Mbps2 perHQ Video Conf. Call +/-10ms90ms3.6* 10 -5 3 to 7 Mbps1SDTV/DVD +/-10ms90ms3.6* 10 -5 19-24 Mbps1HDTV +/-10ms90ms3.6* 10 -5 30 Mbps3Multiple Stream (1 HDTV/2SDTV) Max Jitter Max Latency Max Packet Error Rate Data Throughput Rate Number of Streams Type of Service Quality of Service Parameters

13. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida The Effects of Interference on VoFi

14. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida The Effect in Carrier/Home Environments 67% * of all residential WiFi problems are interference related Creates high cost to providers –Truck rolls (35% of issues*) –Product returns (20% of issues*) –Churn (29% of issues*) Voice and video requires service without interruptions or jitter caused by interference “Technology troubles set off tantrums, tears, and tirades.” USA Today 90% Consumers that say they have had a bad experience 85% Admit to swearing, shouting, crying or hitting something in frustration 71% Think customer service representatives aren't sufficiently trained 63% Believe outstanding customer service is the #1 reason to give more business to a company 53% Believe inability to reach service representatives over the phone or web is the #1 consumer compliant Consumer gripes Source: Harris Interactive Survey, October 2006 WiFi in the Home Report

15. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida So, what to do?

16. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Incorporate RF plans into your WiFi Planning

17. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Buy the Right Infrastructure 24x7 monitoring Mitigation Better QoS

18. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Use Tools. They Help.

19. January 23-26, 2007 Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Conclusions Unlicensed Band and WiFi experiment was a success to date WiFi delivers significant new capabilities and applications But there are growing pains related to congestion And this impacts reliability, cost of ownership, customer satisfaction… To implement these solutions, and to achieve the benefits, planning must be addressed consistently throughout the WiFi life cycle.