1. Green Buildings in Thailand
Leading the way for the Green Mark® certification in Thailand
and a look at how Schneider Electric is making its own industrial
building green
Ms. Phatlapha Prettapapop
Business Development Leader – Energy Efficiency
Schneider Electric Thailand

2. Agenda Introduction: Energy dilemma for buildings in Bangkok
Energy Efficiency Index (EEI)
Energy Saving vs. Green House Gas Emission
Green Buildings through Green Mark® Certification
Case Study: Schneider Electric’s industrial building in Bangpoo
Benefits of An Energy Efficiency Program
Energy Efficiency: How to begin?

3. Energy dilemma for buildings in Bangkok

4. High levels of energy consumption
135,000 GWh (thousand million units) electricity consumed in Thailand in 2009
Over 30 % is used in Bangkok
2008 Electricity Consumption: 21% Residential, 25% Business, 45% Industry, 9% Others (EGAT Direct Customers, Agriculture, Others) for the whole country, source: EPPO statistics
Electricity consumption in Thailand in 2008: 134, GWh (Energy Policy and Planning Office, Statistics)
Source: Energy Policy & Planning Office

5. Electricity consumption growth in Bangkok
GWh
2008
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
2006
2004
2002
2000
1998
1996
1994
1992
1990
35,000
40,000
45,000
Consumption Growth Per Year
Electricity consumption average growth over the past 5 years (2004 to 2008): 4.75% (Residential 4.23%, Business 5.63%, Industry 4.54%, all 3 sectors 4.75%) Source: EPPO Statistics Consumption: 106,000 GWh
Electricity power generation distribution per type of fuel in 2008 (as % of GWh): Natural Gas (70.5%), Lignite & Coal (20.7%), Hydro (4.7%), Imported (1.9%), Others (1.5%), Fuel Oil (0.7%), Diesel (0.0%), source: EPPO Statistics
Energy Imports 2008 (financial value and share in total imports): Crude Oil (1.0 Tr. THB, 86.3%), Petroleum Products (29.9 BTHB, 2.6%), Natural Gas (88.4 BTHB, 7.6%), Coal (36.5 BTHB, 3.1%), Electricity (4.5 BTHB, 0.4%), source: EPPO Statistics
Growth of Energy Imports / Year (5-year average from 2004 to 2008): Crude Oil (25.0%), Petroleum Products (3.9%), Natural Gas (16.4%), Coal (31.8%), Electricity (5.8%), source: EPPO Statistics
Electricity Imports 2008: 2, GWh, will grow as Thailand has signed PPA’s with hydro-dams in Laos and in particular will be entering the purchase phase with the Nam Theun 2 power plant (1070MW) of which 90% will be sold to EGAT. Thailand has a MOU with Laos for 1,500 MW next year, 7000 MW by 2015 and a further 3000 MW by 2017.
Source: Metropolitan Electricity Authority

6. Electricity user profile in Bangkok
Tariff group
Large
Medium
Small
Specific
Residential
Average consumption per year
9 GWh
400 MWh
13 MWh
774 MWh
4 MWh
36.6 %
18.8 %
14.9 %
4.3 %
22.3 %
Number of consumers:
2.8 million
0.06 %
0.71 %
17.2 %
0.08 %
81.5 %
0.85 % of the electricity consumers are using 60 % of the electricity!
Who are they?
Source:
Large General Service: includes businesses, industries, government institutions and state enterprises including their compounds, with a maximum 15-minute integrated demand of 1,000 kW and over, or average energy consumption in the last 3 consecutive months exceeding 250,000 kWh per month through a single demand meter.
Specific Business Service: includes hotels, guest houses or other businesses providing lodgings to customers including their compounds with a maximum 15-minute integrated demand of 30 kW and over through a single demand meter.
Residential: includes dwellings, monasteries, churches and their compounds that consume electricity through a single Watt-hour meter. Different tariffs apply to customers who consume more or less than 150 kWh per month.
Small General Service: includes businesses, businesses-cum residential, industries, government industrial institutions, state enterprises or others including their compounds with a maximum 15-minute integrated demand of less than 30 kW through a single Watt-hour meter.
Medium General Service: includes businesses, industries, government industrial institutions and state enterprises including their compounds, with a maximum 15-minute integrated demand of at least 30 kW but less than 1,000 kW and an average energy consumption in the last 3 consecutive months not exceeding 250,000 kWh per month through a single demand meter.
The above distribution of electricity consumption is from MEA, and does not take into account the consumption of Govt Institutions and Public Lighting
Shopping malls, large office buildings, factory buildings, hotels, government and institution buildings, large residential buildings and condominiums.
Source: Metropolitan Electricity Authority

7. Energy performance benchmarking for buildings
Gauge the potential in energy savings
Energy Efficiency Index (EEI): total energy consumed per unit of gross floor surface
kWh / m2 / year
Comparison by building category:
Hospital, hotel, office, shopping mall, condominium, government buildings, etc.
Use the benchmarking tools to position your building accordingly
OTTV: Overall Thermal Transfer Value – control measure to cut down heat gain at building envelope and to reduce cooling load of the building

8. Energy performance benchmarking for buildings (Continue)
Establish the efficiency chart of your building:
Total Energy Consumption
12,285,787 kWh / year
Energy Efficiency Index
147.5 kWh / m2 / year
Temperature
22.5 °C to 23.0 °C
Relative Humidity
50 % to 65 %
Lighting Load
7.7 W / m2
Fresh Air Exchange
13 m3 / hour / person
OTTV
34.5 W / m2
Energy Efficiency of Air-con Chiller
0.61 kWh / ton
Revenue House, Singapore
Source: National University of Singapore
OTTV: Overall Thermal Transfer Value – control measure to cut down heat gain at building envelope and to reduce cooling load of the building

9. Benchmark for office buildings in Bangkok
80-139 2 4 6 8 10
Electricity Efficiency Index (kWh / m2 /year)
500+
Count index
Most energy efficient
Least energy efficient
Typical performance benchmark:
225 kWh / m2 / year
Good practice benchmark:
170 kWh / m2 / year
Source:
Kornkamon Tantiwat, Establishing Energy Consumption Benchmarks of Office Buildings in Bangkok, Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies, Volume 5, Issue 1, 2007, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, Thammasat University
The study was made on 41 office buildings in Bangkok, and energy consumption data takes into account all types of energy used in buildings (electricity, diesel, LPG,etc.)
Energy Consumption
Minimum
Maximum
Average
Median
KWh / m2 / year 90
488
233
225
Source: Instructor Kornkamon Tantiwanit, Thammasat University

10. Reducing your carbon footprint through energy efficiency
Typical performance benchmark:
225 kWh / m2 / year
Good practice benchmark:
170 kWh / m2 / year
= kg CO2 / m2 / year saved
25 % energy savings
Reducing energy consumption in buildings will significantly reduce GHG emissions in Thailand and save a lot of money for the country in energy imports and fuel subsidies.
Energy Demand Side
One solution: Green Buildings!

11. Green Buildings through Green Mark® Certification

12. What is a green building?
Water Efficiency
Managing water usage by reducing waste
Environmental Protection
Transportation accessibility, green areas
Indoor Environmental Quality
High-level comfort through temperature, humidity and lighting control
Energy Efficiency
Using less energy by providing the same level of productivity and comfort

13. What are the benefits? Environmental
Reduce the impact of natural resources consumption
Health & Safety
Economic
Enhance occupant comfort and health
Improve your bottom line
Community
Minimize strain on local infrastructure and improve quality of life

14. Global trends of green buildings
Green Building councils around the world
Increasing interest in green buildings in Thailand is pushing for the development of a Green Building Council in the Kingdom

15. How to make your building green?
Building & Construction Authority of Singapore launched the Green Mark® certification scheme:
Point-based assessment to rate buildings on their environmental impact and performance
Voluntary program for new and existing private developments
Objectives:
Promote awareness and recognition
Identify best practices in development, design, construction, management and maintenance in buildings

16. Green Mark 5 Assessment Criteria
-Criteria covers global areas of concern similar to comparable
programs in US, UK and Australia.
-Energy, water, project development and construction, indoor
environmental quality
-Environmental innovations adopted for buildings is also
Considered.

17. Basis for Green Mark® Award
The certified project must meet minimum total points for the specific rating, and pre-requisite criteria.

18. Building Energy Performance for the Green Mark® Certificate
Energy Efficiency Index Benchmark (kWh / m2 / year)
Office Buildings
Hotel Buildings
Retail Malls
Green Mark Certified
215
420
479
Green Mark Gold
205
404
459
Green Mark Platinum
154
333
384
80-139 2 4 6 8 10
Electricity Efficiency Index (kWh / m2 /year)
500+
Office Buildings - Count index
Source: Green Mark Assessment Criteria for Non-Residential Existing Buildings (v. 2.0)

19. Green Mark Response
More than 100 buildings have the Green Mark certification
More than 60 of these buildings are residential developments, which contains over 19,000 green homes.
Millennium Residence receives Singapore BCA Green Mark Gold Award (1st in Thailand)
Owner of the building: MR Sukhumvit Co., Ltd.
Harvesting of waste water and rain water to provide irrigation
Carbon Monoxide Monitoring system for the underground parking facilities to operate the fans only when needed

21. Case Study: Schneider Electric’s industrial building in Bangpoo

22. Demonstrating significant energy savings in Schneider Electric’s buildings
In 2005, Schneider Electric Thailand decided to undertake an energy reduction program in its industrial building in Bangpoo.

23. First step to success: energy consumption monitoring
The basis of a successful energy efficiency program is to implement an Energy Management System.
PowerLogic® power monitors were installed at node points to survey the electricity consumption.
Real time data logging and reporting was made through a specialized System Management Software.
Investment: 1.5 MTHB
Savings: 2 MTHB / year*
Payback: 9 months*
* During the first year of implementation

24. Air-Conditioning Optimization and Control
Turn on period of the air-conditioning was optimized in the buildings through control boxes with integrated Programmable Logic Controllers.
Over-sized A/C units were replaced as per actual room requirements.
Staff awareness promotion through strategic communication was made.
Investment: kTHB
Savings: kTHB / year
Payback: 16 months

25. Water Pump Control Investment: 167 kTHB Savings: 57 kTHB / year
A Variable Speed Drive (VSD) was installed at the cool water pump for the chiller system.
Investment: 167 kTHB
Savings: 57 kTHB / year
Payback: 2.9 years

26. Cooling System Optimization
Refrigerant in the air-conditioning was replaced from R22 to hydrocarbon which has a higher cooling capacity.
An evaporative pre-cooling media was integrated to the existing condensing unit at the point of entry of the air.
Preventive maintenance was scheduled on the condensing units according to the readings on the power monitoring system.
specially-impregnated cellulose matrix, CeLPad,,, the air is cooled down and humidified.
Investment: kTHB
Savings: kTHB / year
Payback: 10 months

27. Results: significant energy savings!
25.6 % energy savings since 2006
236 MWh saved every year,
the equivalent of 142 tons of CO2
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
kWh / head / day 5 10 15 20 25 30
Electricity Consumption Indicator

28. Benefits of an energy efficiency program

29. Reduce your Energy Bill
Electricity Tariff = Demand Charge (baht/kW)
+ Energy Charge (baht/kWh)
+ Power Factor Charge
+ Ft Charge
Consumption
Shifting loads can help avoid peaks
Day
Night

30. The rise in energy prices has improved return on investments
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2,0
2,5
3,0
3,5
4,0
4,5
5,0
0,065
0,075
0,085
0, 095
0,105
0,06
0,07
0,08
0,09
0,1
0,11
Energy price
Years paybacks*
Cents/KWh
Years
Based on an actual commercial building.
Project Cost $1M,
Electricity saving 3500MWh
Project cost and energy savings fixed.
Payback time has decreased 30% over 5 years due to increase in energy prices
Example based on a US commercial building project
DOE -US Average Retail Cost of Electricity 1993 thru 2007

31. Contribution to Thai society
Coal
100 units
35 units
33 units
1 unit saved in the building
3 units saved at the power plant
Reduce Thailand’s dependence on fossil fuels

32. How to begin?

33. Energy efficiency The quickest and most profitable diet to save money & the planet!
Measure
1. Energy Audit & Metering
Monitor
Fix the basics
2. Low consumption devices
Power quality
Power reliability
4. Monitoring and consulting services
Automate
We are the leader in active energy efficiency:
The market
In terms of energy, one unit saved at home equals three units saved at the power plant => crucial in the context of climate change.
Source: International Energy Outlook 2007 – US Department of Energy (DOE)
Evaluate your household’s energy efficiency.
Measure
You have to measure to see where you are and what you want to achieve => need to know where you consume the most
Energy meters
Power quality meters
2. Use efficient devices
Low consumption devices: light bulbs, heating regulators, etc.
Insulation material
Power quality
Power reliability
3. Automate
It’s good to have low consumption devices, but that doesn’t mean you have to leave them on all day!
Human beings are lazy. Good resolutions to shut off heaters and lights when you leave a room or office tend to fade away when the effort infringes on comfort => hence the need for automation
Building Management Systems
Lighting Control Systems
Motor control systems
Home control systems
Variable speed drives
4. Monitor and improve
If you never maintain your car, it will consume more and more gas. The same for your electrical installation.
To ensure that the results achieved are here to stay and that your new installation is profitable and sustainable:
Energy management software
Remote monitoring systems
=> Active energy efficiency
3. Solutions in:
HVAC control, Lighting control,
Variable Speed Drive…

34. Let’s engage in energy action together!
Find out more at the Schneider Electric Energy University:

35. Make the most of your energy