1. Sophocles

2. We will be learning Greek drama in our next work, Oedipus the King. Oedipus the King is a _________ written by the Greek author Sophocles.

4. Greek drama reflected the ______ and ________ of Greek society. Theatre exposed society’s flaws and allowed the ___________ to learn from them. Catharsis: (Greek for “cleansing”) the purging and release of emotions to achieve _________ renewal; the impact on the viewer of a tragedy

5. Greek citizens celebrated the gods through _________. Drama evolved from chants and dances performed by a ________ in honor of Dionysus. Dionysus is the Greek god of ______, fertility, and _______.

6. Patron god of Greek _______ One of the _______ Olympians Only full god with one god parent and one ________ parent Dionysia is the festival that celebrates __________, and dramatic performance is a major part of this festival.

7. GreekBothModern Maximum of ________ male actors, in addition to chorus Maximum of ________ male actors, in addition to chorus Have a moral that actors/director/ Have a moral that actors/director/ playwright is trying to convey to audience As many characters and of any _________ as playwright deems necessary As many characters and of any _________ as playwright deems necessary Plays divided into prologue, parodos, episodes, stasimons, and exodus Plays divided into prologue, parodos, episodes, stasimons, and exodus Integrate _______, dance, and story Integrate _______, dance, and story Plays divided into _______ and _______ Plays divided into _______ and _______ Few and very ________ special effects and props Few and very ________ special effects and props The tragedy and the comedy, including slapstick and satyr (satire) The tragedy and the comedy, including slapstick and satyr (satire) Many complex special effects and _______ Many complex special effects and _______ Religious and __________ significant Religious and __________ significant Reaction of _________ is very important to life of a play Reaction of _________ is very important to life of a play Purely entertainment Purely entertainment Playwright was responsible to write, direct, __________, design, and sometimes _____ in a play Playwright was responsible to write, direct, __________, design, and sometimes _____ in a play Similar set-up of theater Similar set-up of theater Specific jobs are given to specialists. i.e. ___________ writes script, director directs actors, etc. Specific jobs are given to specialists. i.e. ___________ writes script, director directs actors, etc.

9. Theatron (place of ________): the area of the theater in which the audience viewed a performance Parodos (_______ ____): the side entrance of the theater where the chorus enters

10. Orchestra (place of _________): the main part of the stage where the chorus would sing, dance, and interact with other actors near the skene Skene (tent/_____ ________): the background building of the stage; actors would make entrances and exits through the doors of the skene

11. 1. The _______ 2. The ________ 3. The ________

12. Tragedies dealt with ___________ issues and focused on the rise and downfall of a hero. The plots were inspired by the legends of the _________ epics. Introduction of a conflict  ________ ______ (conflict between hero and opposing forces)  _________  _______ ______ (leads to the disaster with which the play must end)

13. __________, which described the situation and set the scene Parodos, an ode sung by the _______ as it made its entrance _______ dramatic scenes, each followed by a Komos, an exchange of laments by the chorus and the protagonist Exodus, the _______ and ___________

14. ___________ were most often presented as trilogies. Oedipus the King is the first part of the _________ written by Sophocles. Oedipus the King Oedipus at Colonus Antigone

15. A protagonist of high birth or _______ status A series of events turns into a __________ because of the tragic hero’s actions rather than through fate. The protagonist has a “_______ _______” that will lead to his/her downfall. The tragic flaw was most often _________ (excessive pride) The tragic hero will have a moment of _____________ after his/her downfall

16. Only _______ were allowed to participate. Three men were given _________ roles. ________ were chosen from a pool of professionals. Costumes were ________ and long ________ with elaborate designs

18. Chorus (literal meaning): “_______” The chorus serves as confidantes and __________ for the characters Consisted of about _________ people Members of the chorus ________ and _______ in unison Plays an _________ part in the play

19. 1) To establish the __________ framework 2) To set ______ and heighten dramatic effect 3) To add __________, song, and _______ 4) To provide ________ 5) To provide time for ______ ________ and introduce background 6) To represent the “ideal” __________

20. Born at ________ and died in ________ His ______ made battle armor and weaponry Very ____________ _______ minded Athlete, poet, and __________

21. A popular __________ of his time Earned more _______ and ________ place prizes for his plays than any other playwright Wrote 123 plays, but only ______ plays survived through the years Held great affection for _______ and rarely left the city _________ in his approach to writing about the Greek gods

22. Cadmus, the founder of _________, angered the god ________ by killing his favorite snake. The descendants of __________ were punished with a curse. Each generation’s curse would be foretold by Apollo’s _________. _______, the king of Thebes, was told a prophecy that if Laius had a son with ________, his wife and queen, the son would kill his father and marry his mother.

23. Laius pinned the _________ of Oedipus and instructed a servant to leave the infant Oedipus on Mt. Cithaeron to die. The servant instead gave Oedipus to a shepherd, and the shepherd gave him to the queen of _________. The infant was given the name Oedipus, which means “_________ ______” because of the wounds in his feet. _________ fled Corinth after hearing the prophecy that he would kill his father and marry his mother.

24. Oedipus arrives in Thebes and finds a ________ tormenting the Thebans. The sphinx was a monster with the body of a _______ and the head and torso of a _________. King ________ had been killed on his way to _________. The Thebans could not investigate the murder because of the sphinx.

25. “What walks on four legs in the morning, on two legs at noon, and three legs in the evening?” Answer: ________

26. Oedipus: the king of ________ Jocasta: the wife of ________ Creon: the _________ of Jocasta and brother-in-law of Oedipus Teiresias: an old, blind _________

27. Catharsis: _________ purge through which one can achieve a state of moral or spiritual renewal __________ irony: the audience or reader knows more about a character’s situation than the character does and knows that the character’s understanding is incorrect Tragic flaw: the main ________ of the protagonist in a tragedy Example: Romeo’s impulsiveness Tragic hero: the main character in a ________; a tragic hero must have a tragic flaw, which causes his/her ___________

28. Reversal of __________ (a character starts with high status and falls into low status) ________ weaknesses (e.g.: too much pride leads to one’s own downfall) The limitations of _______ ______ (a character tries, but cannot escape fate)

29. When a dark secret is revealed, how do you deal with the information? How is a country’s leader a reflection of the country? How is truth defined? How do you know what is true? How does literature help us release our emotions?