1. Earthquake Cause and Effect
Homework and Review Questions

2. What causes an earthquake?

3. What is a fault?

4. What is the focus of an earthquake?

5. What is the epicenter of an earthquake?

6. Why is a large deep focus earthquake less dangerous than a large shallow focus earthquake?

7. What are aftershocks?

8. What kinds of damage/dangers can occur as a result of an earthquake?

9. How are Tsunamis related to earthquakes?

10. What type of information is used to determine the size of an earthquake on the Richter Scale?

11. What type of information is used to determine the size of an earthquake on a Mercalli Scale?

12. On the Richter scale, what range of number would indicate an earthquake that can not be felt by humans?

13. How large does an earthquake have to be on the Richter scale to cause significant damage to Los Angles?

14. How long does a 5.3 quake last, on average?

15. Describe Two events that generally cause tsunamis

16. A break in the crust where slabs slip past each other is a(n)
a. fold.
b. epicenter.
c. hanging wall.
d. fault.

17. Describe what people can do to protect themselves if they are indoors when an earthquake strikes.

18. Describe the differences between the Mercalli scale, the Richter scale, and the moment magnitude scale.

19. Name four instruments that geologists use to monitor movements along faults, and explain how each instrument works.

20. Why is it so difficult for geologists to predict earthquakes?

21. How do ground conditions affect earthquake damage to buildings?

22. Why are aftershocks dangerous to buildings after a large earthquake?

23. Why do tsunamis grow into larger waves as they approach land?

25. Homework Reading 709-713 Do problem 4 pg 717
In addition, research a major earthquake that has occurred in recent times, (no more than 1000 years ago)
Record:
When
Where
Size estimation
Types of damage occurred

26. Homework-Extra credit
In 1946, an earthquake in the Aleutian Islands spawned a tsunami that crossed the Pacific and devastated the area around Hilo, Hawaii. As a result, a tsunami warning system was established for the Pacific Ocean. No such system existed in the Indian Ocean in How does the Tsunami Warning System work?

27. Check in ? (Revisit these)
What are the natural factors that affect the intensity and related damage that occurs during an earthquake?
How is the intensity of an earthquake measured?
What steps can people take to reduce the damage that occurs as a result of an earthquake?

28. Which of the following best describes aftershocks?
a series of small tremors occurring after a major earthquake
giant ocean waves that originate at a fault zone
areas along a fault where slippage and fracturing first occur
seismic waves that cannot travel through liquids

29. Tsunamis result from earthquakes with epicenters located
along coastlines.
in continental faults.
on the ocean floor.
in loose soil.

30. What is the major difference between a tsunami and a regular large ocean wave?