1. SOLAR THERMAL AIR CONDITIONER Design Team 8

2. Introduction Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 2 Team 8:  Chris DesRoches  Patricia Duncan  James Mills  Amanda Wiseman Supervisor:  Dr. Dominic Groulx

3. Outline  Introduction Background Problem Definition  Design System Calculations  Conclusion Future Work Testing  Acknowledgements

4. Background Information Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 4 Source: http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=products.pr_pie Figure 1: Energy Use in a Typical Home

5. Background Information Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 5 Source: http://www.nlcpr.com/solar_install.php Figure 2: Average Annual Solar Insolation in NS

6. Problem Definition Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 6  Design a working solar powered air conditioner  Goals:  Provide 0.5 tons of cooling  Minimum system COP of 0.4  Maximum size of 125 L

7. Design Selection Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 7 Absorption- Ammonia Absorption- Lithium Bromide DesiccantThermochemical Size (5)5133 Safety (4)2432 Simplicity (4)4222 Ergonomics (3)3313 Total (16)14109

8. Design Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 8  Cooling System Components  Generator  Condenser  Evaporator  Absorber

9. Design Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 9

10. Design Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 10

11. Design Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 11

12. Design Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 12  Air Conditioning Process

13. Design Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 12  Ammonia Solubility in Water

14. HYSIS Simulation Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 13  Peng-Robinson cubic equation of state model approximation

15. Heat Transfer Calculations Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 14  Air cooling 1  Finned Tubes 1 1 Bergman, T., Dewitt, D., Incropera, F., Lavine, A. (2007). Introduction to heat transfer. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, pp. 150-160; 400-410.

16. Absorber Design Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 15  Fan cooling: 27 W/m 2 *K  Length:140 in  Fin Dimensions:  Spacing: 0.4 in  Length: 1.25 in  Thickness: 0.125 in  Material: Steel

17. Condenser Design Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 16  Fan cooling: 27 W/m 2 *K  Length: 7 in  Fin Dimensions:  Spacing: 1.0 in  Length: 1.25 in  Thickness: 0.03125 in  Material: Steel

18. Evaporator Design Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 17  Fan cooling: 17 W/m 2 *K  Length: 130 in  Fins:  Spacing: 0.5 in  Length: 3.25in  Thickness: 0.03125 in  Material: Steel

19. Generator Calculations Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 18  Heat transfer coefficients in coiled tube:  Overall heat transfer and area required:

20. Generator Design Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 19  Generator  Helical-coil heat exchanger was selected  Length: 12 in  Materials: Steel, Copper, R-12 polystyrene insulation

21. Safety Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 20  Ammonia absorption cycle is widely used in the RV industry  Sensors will be included in case of leaks  Certified refrigeration technologist will assist in constructing and charging the system

22. Budget Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 21 Basic CostRevised Cost Parts$ 2,145.68$ 1,983.40 Labour$ 480.00$ 280.00 Total $ 2,625.68$ 2,263.40  Some parts may need to be custom fabricated, including the generator  The team is anticipating an existing cooling cycle will be donated and modified

23. Future Work Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 22  Fabrication and assembly of system  Continuous improvements to design where applicable  Testing of air conditioner performance

24. Testing Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 23  Air conditioner will be tested in an insulated/sealed control volume with controlled heat input  Tests will involve constant heat input, as well as simulation of expected solar inputs for different climates

25. Conclusion Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 24  Solar thermal energy can be harnessed to cool a residential space  Cycle simulations are complete and components are sized  Manufacturing and testing to follow

26. Acknowledgements Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 25  Dalhousie University Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Dr. Dominic Groulx Dr. Julio Militzer  NSCC Dr. Alain Joseph Kevin O’halloran

27. Acknowledgements Solar Air Conditioner Introduction Design Conclusion 6 December 2011 Team 8 Slide 26  Absorption Refrigeration Services of Canada Dave Fraser  Efficiency Nova Scotia  Shell

28. Questions?