2. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com If these elements were locked in a room all night, who would hook up with who? Explain why.

3. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com What’s the Word? The result of a metal (CATION) giving electrons to a non-metal (ANION), who takes them. They attract and stick, due to electrostatic attraction.The result of a metal (CATION) giving electrons to a non-metal (ANION), who takes them. They attract and stick, due to electrostatic attraction. I O N I C B O N D

4. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com John Dalton (1766-1844)  Atoms are small particles that cannot be created, divided or destroyed.  Atoms can combine to form compounds.  He thought water was 1 hydrogen and 1 oxygen. H O

5. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com Dalton’s Hypothesis IF all atoms of a given element are identical and atoms of differing elements are different from one another, THEN atoms of one element can combine with the atoms of other elements to form chemical compounds.

6. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com 9 P 10 N 3 P 4 N

7. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com +1 Lithium Fluoride LiF 9 P 10 N 3 P 4 N

8. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com LITHIUM FLUORIDE  Lithium will lose 1 electron and get a +1 charge.  Fluorine will gain 1 electron and get a -1 charge.  The compound is Lithium Fluoride.  Lithium will lose 1 electron and get a +1 charge.  Fluorine will gain 1 electron and get a -1 charge.  The compound is Lithium Fluoride. LiF

9. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com 8 P 8 N 4 P 5 N

10. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com +2 -2 Beryllium Oxide BeO 8 P 8 N 4 P 5 N

11. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com BERYLLIUM OXIDE  Beryllium will lose 2 electrons and get a +2 charge.  Oxygen will gain 2 electrons and get a -2 charge.  The compound is Beryllium Oxide.  Beryllium will lose 2 electrons and get a +2 charge.  Oxygen will gain 2 electrons and get a -2 charge.  The compound is Beryllium Oxide. BeO

12. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com 13 P 14 N 15 P 16 N

13. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com 13 P 14 N 15 P 16 N +3 -3 Aluminum Phosphide AlP

14. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com ALUMINUM PHOSPHIDE  Aluminum will lose 3 electrons and get a +3 charge.  Phosphorus will gain 3 electrons and get a -3 charge.  The compound is Aluminum Phosphide.  Aluminum will lose 3 electrons and get a +3 charge.  Phosphorus will gain 3 electrons and get a -3 charge.  The compound is Aluminum Phosphide. AlP

15. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com NAMES & FORMULAS  Metal goes first, then Non-Metal.  Chop off the last part of the Non-Metal name and attach an –IDE ending instead. LiFLithium Fluoride MgOMagnesium Oxide AlPAluminum Phosphide IONIC BOND ANIMATION

16. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com THESE GUYS CAN TEACH US ABOUT THE RULES OF HOOKING UP! IONIC BONDING PART 1 IONIC BONDING PART 1

17. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING PARTS ANIONS (NON-METALS) F -1 Cl -1 Br -1 I -1 O -2 S -2 N -3 P -3 C -4 Li +1 LiF Lithium Fluoride Na +1 NaCl Sodium Chloride K +1 Be +2 BeO Beryllium Oxide Mg +2 Ca +2 Al +3 AlP Aluminum Phosphide Ga +3 Sn +4 CATIONS (METALS) TONIGHT I BOND WITH YOU TONIGHT I BOND WITH YOU

18. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com 3 P 4 N 8 P 8 N IONIC BONDING PART 2 If these elements were locked in a room all night, THEY WILL HOOK UP. Explain how it’s possible.

19. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com HOW WILL THESE ELEMENTS HOOK UP? +1 Li 2 O Lithium Oxide -2

20. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com Lithium Oxide Li 2 O

21. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com IONIC COMPOUNDS  Ionic compounds need to be neutral. +1 +1 + -2 = 0 Li 2 O

22. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com 17 P 18 N 4 P 5 N If these elements were locked in a room all night, THEY WILL HOOK. Explain how it’s possible.

23. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com HOW WILL THESE ELEMENTS HOOK UP? BeCl 2 +2 Beryllium Chloride

24. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com Beryllium Chloride BeCl 2

25. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com IONIC COMPOUNDS  Ionic compounds need to be neutral. +2 + -1 + -1 = 0 BeCl 2

26. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING PARTS ANIONS (NON-METALS) F -1 Cl -1 Br -1 I -1 O -2 S -2 N -3 P -3 C -4 Li +1 LiF Lithium Fluoride LiCl Lithium Chloride LiBr Lithium Bromide LiI Lithium Iodide Li 2 O LithiumOxide Na +1 NaF Sodium Fluoride NaCl Sodium Chloride NaBr Sodium Bromide NaI Sodium Iodide K +1 KF Potassium Fluoride KCl Potassium Chloride KBr Potassium Bromide KI Potassium Iodide Be +2 BeF 2 Beryllium Fluoride BeO Beryllium Oxide BeS Beryllium Sulfide Mg +2 MgO Magnesium Oxide MgS Magnesium Sulfide Ca +2 CaO Calcium Oxide CaS Calcium Sulfide Al +3 AlN Aluminum Nitride AlP Aluminum Phosphide Ga +3 GaN Gallium Nitride GaP Gallium Phosphide Sn +4 SnC Tin Carbide CATIONS (METALS) TONIGHT I BOND WITH YOU TONIGHT I BOND WITH YOU

27. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com What would you have to do in order to have a complete set of hot dogs, with no extra ingredients?

28. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com 8 x 5 = 40 40 HOT DOGS 5 x 8 = 40

29. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com Explain how these elements would hook up? Predict the formula and the name of the ionic compound they make. IONIC BONDING PART 3

30. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com +3 -2 +3 -2 Al 2 S 3 Aluminum Sulfide

31. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com IONIC COMPOUNDS  The formula for Aluminum Sulfide. Al 2 S 3  The formula for Aluminum Sulfide. Al 2 S 3 Al +3 S -2

32. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com IONIC COMPOUNDS  Ionic compounds need to be neutral. +3 · 2 + -2 · 3 = 0 Al 2 S 3

33. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com IONIC COMPOUNDS  Ionic compounds need to be neutral. ++ -- 0 Charge Al +3 S -2 + +++---- Al 2 S 3

34. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com Explain how these elements would hook up? Predict the formula and the name of the ionic compound they make.

35. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com +2 -3 +2 -3 Be 3 N 2 Beryllium Nitride

36. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com IONIC COMPOUNDS  The formula for Beryllium Nitride. Be 3 N 2  The formula for Beryllium Nitride. Be 3 N 2 Be +2 N -3

37. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com IONIC COMPOUNDS  Ionic compounds need to be neutral. +2 · 3 + -3 · 2 = 0 Be 3 N 2

38. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com IONIC COMPOUNDS  Ionic compounds need to be neutral. ++--- ++++--- 0 Charge Be +2 N -3 Be 3 N 2

39. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING PARTS ANIONS (NON-METALS) F -1 Cl -1 Br -1 I -1 O -2 S -2 N -3 P -3 C -4 Li +1 LiF Lithium Fluoride LiCl Lithium Chloride LiBr Lithium Bromide LiI Lithium Iodide Li 2 O Lithium Oxide Li 2 S Lithium Sulfide Li 3 N Lithium Nitride Li 3 P Lithium Phosphide Li 4 C Lithium Carbide Na +1 NaF Sodium Fluoride NaCl Sodium Chloride NaBr Sodium Bromide NaI Sodium iodide Na 2 O Sodium Oxide Na 2 S Sodium Sulfide Na 3 N Sodium Nitride Na 3 P Sodium Phosphide Na 4 C Sodium Carbide K +1 KF Potassium Fluoride KCl Potassium Chloride KBr Potassium Bromide KI Potassium Iodide K 2 O Potassium Oxide K 2 S Potassium Sulfide K 3 N Potassium Nitride K 3 P Potassium Phosphide K 4 C Potassium Carbide Be +2 BeF 2 Beryllium Fluoride BeCl 2 Beryllium Chloride BeBr 2 Beryllium Bromide BeI 2 Beryllium Iodide BeO Beryllium Oxide BeS Beryllium Sulfide Mg +2 MgF 2 Magnesium Fluoride MgCl 2 Magnesium Chloride MgBr 2 Magnesium Bromide MgI 2 Magnesium Iodide MgO Magnesium Oxide MgS Magnesium Sulfide Ca +2 CaF 2 Calcium Fluoride CaCl 2 Calcium Chloride CaBr 2 Calcium Bromide CaI 2 Calcium Iodide CaO Calcium Oxide CaS Calcium Sulfide Al +3 AlF 3 Aluminum Fluoride AlCl 3 Aluminum Chloride AlBr 3 Aluminum Bromide AlI 3 Aluminum Iodide AlN Aluminum Nitride AlP Aluminum Phosphide Ga +3 GaF 3 Gallium Fluoride GaCl 3 Gallium Chloride GaBr 3 Gallium Bromide GaI 3 Gallium Iodide GaN Gallium Nitride GaP Gallium Phosphide Sn +4 SnF 4 Tin Fluoride SnCl 4 Tin Chloride SnBr 4 Tin Bromide SnI 4 Tin Iodide SnC Tin Carbide CATIONS (METALS) TONIGHT I BOND WITH YOU TONIGHT I BOND WITH YOU

40. IONIC BONDING WHEN THE ELEMENTS “HOOK UP” TONIGHT I BOND WITH YOU

41. METAL CATIONS GIVE ELECTRONS TO NON-METAL ANIONS Be +2 O -2

42. THE CHARGE DETERMINES THE BONDING RATIO Be +2 O -2 LOSE GAIN

43. 1:1 RATIO Na +1 F -1 NaF

44. 2:1 RATIO Li +1 O -2 Li 2 O

45. 1:2 RATIO Be +2 Cl -1 BeCl 2

46. 3:1 RATIO Na +1 N -3 Na 3 N

47. 1:3 RATIO Al +3 Cl -1 AlCl 3

48. 2:3 RATIO Al +3 S -2 Al 2 S 3

49. 3:2 RATIO Be +2 N -3 Be 3 N 2

50. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com IONIC BOND ACTIVITY 1.Lewis Dots of Atoms 2.Lewis Dot Diagram for Compound 3.Gained & lost electrons, charges 4.Name and Formula. K I +1 IONIC BOND KI Potassium Iodide, KI

51. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com Magnesium Fluoride, MgF 2 Mg F +2 IONIC BOND F Mg F

52. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com Can You Figure It Out?  Study the salt crystals and use the ion cutouts to show how the ions will arrange to form a crystal. Na +1 Cl -1

53. IT’S ALL ABOUT PATTERNS!

54. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com IONIC CRYSTALS (SALTS)  Ionic salt crystals are repeating patterns of positive and negative ions, held together by electrostatic attraction. Formula Unit BRAINPOP - SALT FORMATION OF SALT

55. LESSON SUMMARY  Identify the Idea. The concept we learned in chemistry today was __________, which is…  Give a example of the idea. For instance, _____ is a good example of concept is example because…  Explain additional details of your example. Furthermore, example shows details because it demonstrates…

56. Copyright 2011 CreativeChemistryLessons.comCreativeChemistryLessons.com IONIC COMPOUNDS CHART ANIONS (NON-METALS) F -1 Cl -1 Br -1 I -1 O -2 S -2 N -3 P -3 C -4 Li +1 LiF Lithium Fluoride LiCl Lithium Chloride LiBr Lithium Bromide LiI Lithium Iodide Li 2 O Lithium Oxide Li 2 S Lithium Sulfide Li 3 N Lithium Nitride Li 3 P Lithium Phosphide Li 4 C Lithium Carbide Na +1 NaF Sodium Fluoride NaCl Sodium Chloride NaBr Sodium Bromide NaI Sodium iodide Na 2 O Sodium Oxide Na 2 S Sodium Sulfide Na 3 N Sodium Nitride Na 3 P Sodium Phosphide Na 4 C Sodium Carbide K +1 KF Potassium Fluoride KCl Potassium Chloride KBr Potassium Bromide KI Potassium Iodide K 2 O Potassium Oxide K 2 S Potassium Sulfide K 3 N Potassium Nitride K 3 P Potassium Phosphide K 4 C Potassium Carbide Be +2 BeF 2 Beryllium Fluoride BeCl 2 Beryllium Chloride BeBr 2 Beryllium Bromide BeI 2 Beryllium Iodide BeO Beryllium Oxide BeS Beryllium Sulfide Be 3 N 2 Beryllium Nitride Be 3 P 2 Beryllium Phosphide Be 2 C Beryllium Carbide Mg +2 MgF 2 Magnesium Fluoride MgCl 2 Magnesium Chloride MgBr 2 Magnesium Bromide MgI 2 Magnesium Iodide MgO Magnesium Oxide MgS Magnesium Sulfide Ga 3 N 2 Magnesium Oxide Ga 3 S 2 Magnesium Sulfiide Be 2 C Magnesium Carbide Ca +2 CaF 2 Calcium Fluoride CaCl 2 Calcium Chloride CaBr 2 Calcium Bromide CaI 2 Calcium Iodide CaO Calcium Oxide CaS Calcium Sulfide Ca 3 N 2 Calcium Nitride Ca 3 P 2 Calcium Phosphide Ca 2 C Calcium Carbide Al +3 AlF 3 Aluminum Fluoride AlCl 3 Aluminum Chloride AlBr 3 Aluminum Bromide AlI 3 Aluminum Iodide Al 2 O 3 Aluminum Oxide Al 2 S 3 Aluminum Sulfiide AlN Aluminum Nitride AlP Aluminum Phosphide Al 4 C 3 Aluminum Carbide Ga +3 GaF 3 Gallium Fluoride GaCl 3 Gallium Chloride GaBr 3 Gallium Bromide GaI 3 Gallium Iodide Ga 2 O 3 Gallium Oxide Ga 2 S 3 Gallium Sulfiide GaN Gallium Nitride GaP Gallium Phosphide Ga 4 C 3 Gallium Carbide Sn +4 SnF 4 Tin Fluoride SnCl 4 Tin Chloride SnBr 4 Tin Bromide SnI 4 Tin Iodide SnO 2 Tin Oxide SnS 2 Tin Sulfide Sn 3 N 4 Tin Nitride Sn 3 P 4 Tin Phosphide SnC Tin Carbide CATIONS (METALS)