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Introduction To Psychology PSYC 201
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A) Why study Psychology? ● It helps you to understand yourself, why do you do things that you do? ● Understand your relationship with and reaction to other people. ● Understand the connection between your brain and your body. ● Better understand the world in which we live in.
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B) What is Psychology? ● Psychology’s main concern: Observable behavior and inner thoughts and feelings. ● That’s why we define Psychology as: The Scientific study of behavior and mental process.
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The influence of Philosophy: The influence of Physiology:
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History Of Psychology German physiologist Wilhelm Wundt participates in an experiment in his laboratory as students look on. Courtesy of General Information Center
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Wilhelm Wundt “The Founder Of Psychology” – Established first psychology laboratory
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Psychoanalysis Developed by Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) – Trained as a physician – Worked with patients with nervous disorders – Studied the role of unconscious conflicts in determining behavior and personality.
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Behaviorism School of psychology and theoretical viewpoint that emphasize the study of observable behavior and not the mental process. Ivan Pavlov: B.F Skinner:
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Physiologist Ivan Pavlov uses a dog to demonstrate the conditioned reflex to students at the Russian Military Medical Academy. © Bettmann/Corbis
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Humanistic Psychology Founded by the American psychologist Carl Rogers. Humanistic psychology emphasized the importance of self-determination, free will, and human potential. Abraham Maslow developed a theory of motivation that emphasized psychological growth.
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Special Areas in Psychology Developmental Psychology: Social Psychology:
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Special Areas in Psychology Personality Psychology: Clinical Psychology:
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Psychology Is Not Psychiatry Psychiatry: Medical specialty Holds an MD (Doctor of Medicine) Training in treatment of mental and behavioral problems Licensed to prescribe medicines Psychology: Broad field of study Holds a Ph.D (Doctor of Philosophy) Training emphasizes research methods Advanced study in specialization
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The scientific Method The scientific Method: Critical Thinking:
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Descriptive Methods Descriptive Methods: Observing behavior in order to describe the relationship among behaviors and events. 1.Naturalistic Observation: 2.Case Study: 3.Survey:
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