1. THE WAR OF 1812

2. Warm-up Activity  On a sheet of paper which WILL be the start of an exit ticket…  Please explain to me what you know about the War of 1812. Take academic risks, as it’s ok to be wrong.

3. Origins of the War of 1812  Strained Trade Relations with Britain & France  The Problem of Impressment & The Chesapeake Affair  Restriction of Trade: Orders in Council (1807)  The Embargo Act (1807) & Macon Bill No. 2 (1810) James Madison—4 th president--a Democrat- Republican (anti-federalist)

4. Origins of War: English Actions  English forts in U.S.  English encourage Indians to attack frontier settlements  Impressment  English restrict U.S. trade (Orders in Council)

6. Origins of War: U.S. Response  Wants unrestricted trade  Stop kidnapping our people!  Many want U.S. to expand (We want you, Canada!) – Why do many Americans want to expand its territory? Which group, federalists or anti- federalists do you think pushed for war against England?

7. JAMES MADISON

9. Origins of the War of 1812  Indian Problems: Tecumseh & the “Prophet” Battle of Tippecanoe (1812) William Henry Harrison

10. TECUMSEH

11. WILLIAM HARRISON

12. TECUMSEH’S WAR

13. UNITED STATES 1812

14. Origins of the War of 1812  The War Hawks & Declaration of War Henry Clay John C. Calhoun

15. HENRY CLAY

16. JOHN C. CALHOUN

17. Warm-up/Exit Slip  Watch Crash Course in U.S. History—War of 1812 by John Greene  Take notes  Write down one question you have  Write down something you learned  Write down something you already knew

18. Problems facing the U.S.  Madison didn’t want to tax (anti- federalist). The U.S. borrowed the $.  Aging officers in U.S. Army  Regional factionalism – New England (federalists) wanted closer ties with England and Anti-Federalists supported closer ties with France  Conflicts between regional and national strategies  Army size = 12K only! And the Navy had only 17 ships!

19. Where fighting occurred  Four theaters of conflict – Northeast (along Canadian border) – Northwest (Lake Erie to the north of Lake Huron) – South (Gulf coast from N.O. to Pensacola, FL) – Eastern Seaboard and Atlantic Ocean

22. Invading Canada  Failed Three-Pronged Invasion A. The Detroit Campaign--Fail General William Hull—briefly attacks but withdraws to protect Detroit from Indian raids. Following the slaughter at Ft. Dearborn, Gen. Hull surrenders Detroit to British. Future President William Henry Harrison tries to recapture Detroit but is annihilated.

25. Invading Canada  The Problem of Factionalism (N.E. Federalists sell arms/goods to England and Canada!)  Failed Three-Pronged Invasion B. The Niagara Campaign--Fail Stephen Van Rensselaer—no military exp. New England Militia refused to cross into Canada Battle of Queenston Heights—Brits win back Queenston from the Americans

27. Invading Canada  The Problem of Factionalism  Failed Three-Pronged Invasion C. The Montreal Campaign Gen. Henry Dearborne—ordered to capture Montreal Again, N.E. militia men refused to enter Canada!

29. U.S. Navy victories  U.S. heavy frigates were best in the world  Navy officers young, talented and experienced (from Tripolitan Wars)  U.S. Privateers very successful  Victory at Sea, 1812 – Several single ship victories USS Constitution destroys HMS Guerriere and later HMS Java USS United States captures HMS Macedonian

30. WAR AT SEA

31. U.S. Navy Victories A. Battle of Lake Erie Oliver Perry Lawrence Niagara

32. OLIVER PERRY

33. BATTLE OF LAKE ERIE

38. Invading Canada  Following the Battle of Lake Erie – General William Henry Harrison pursues the retreating British – Gen. Harrison wins a smashing victory at the Battle of the Thames Indian leader Tecumseh killed A vital war objective is fulfilled—remove Indian threat

39. BATTLE OF THE THAMES Tecumseh is killed at the Battle of Thames

40. Invading Canada  Military Defeats: 1813 C. The Niagara Front—a proposal to eject the Brits from Western New York * Began well for U.S. but British counterattack victories left the Americans isolated at Ft. George, later they abandon Fort Stalemate in War

42. British Advances  France collapses in late 1813 which allows G.B. to concentrate their war effort against the U.S.  The Brits advance on Washington D.C. and Baltimore, MD.

43. CHEASAPEAKE OPERATIONS

45. FORT McHENRY

46. The British Counterattack  Stalemate in the North  British Blockade & the Battle of Blandensburg  Offensive Out of Canada: - The Battle of Lake Champlain

48. The British Counterattack  Stalemate in the North  British Blockade & the Battle of Blandensburg  Offensive Out of Canada: The Battle of Lake Champlain  British Dominance of the Sea  Battle of New Orleans Andrew Jackson

50. SOUTHERN THEATER

51. ANDREW JACKSON

52. BRITISH OPERATIONS

53. BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS

55. Video Notes  Take notes during video segments  Answer the following questions: What military preparations did Jackson make to defend New Orleans? What went wrong with British military planning? What were the outcomes of the War of 1812?

56. Effects of War of 1812  Treaty of Ghent officially ends  Myth of American Victory  Ends the era of European wars spreading to N.A. (at least for the next century)  Recognition more professionalization of military is needed  Territorial integrity of U.S. maintained  International respect  U.S. annexes part of FL.  British stop harassing U.S. vessels  N.E. loses political power (Hartford Conv.)  Republican party converts to Federalist military policy

57. Post-War of 1812 Professionalization  Professional, Not Political, Officers  John C. Calhoun’s Expansible Army Plan  Professionalism at West Point

58. MATH AT WEST POINT

59. Professionalization of the U.S. Navy  A Gentlemanly & Honorable Profession  The Second Barbary War  The Naval Act of 1816  The Naval Academy

60. BARBARY COAST