1. Project Closeout and Termination 14-01

2. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Chapter 14 Learning Objectives After completing this chapter, students will be able to: Distinguish among the four main forms of project management. Recognize the seven steps in formal project closeout. Understand key reasons for early termination of projects. Know the challenges and components of a final project report. 14-02

3. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Project Termination All activities consistent with closing out the project  Extinction  Addition  Integration  Starvation 14-03

4. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Elements of Project Closeout Management Putting it All to Bed Disbanding the Team Finishing Handing Gaining Acceptance for the Product Harvesting the Benefits Reviewing How The Work Product Over the It All Went 14-04

5. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Lessons Learned Meetings Common Errors  Misidentifying systematic errors  Misinterpreting lessons based on events  Failure to pass along conclusions Meeting Guidelines Establish clear rules of behavior Describe objectively what occurred Fix the problem, not the blame 14-05

6. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Closeout Paperwork Documentation Legal Cost Personnel 14-06

7. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Why are Closeouts Difficult? Project sign off can be a de-motivator Constraints cause shortcuts on back-end Low priority activities Lessons learned analysis seen as bookkeeping Unique view of projects 14-07

8. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Early Warning Signs of Project Failure Lack of viable commercial objectives Lack of sufficient authority to make decisions New product developed for stable market Low priority assigned to the project by management 14-08

9. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Dynamic Factors to Monitor 1. Static 2. Task-team 3. Sponsorship 4. Economics 5. Environment 6. User 14-9

10. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Early Termination Decision Rules  Costs exceed business benefits  Failure to meet strategic fit criteria  Deadlines continue to be missed  Technology evolves beyond the project’s scope 14-10

11. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall The Top 10 Signs of IT Project Failure 10. Best practices and lessons learned are ignored 9. Project lacks people with appropriate skills 8. Sponsorship is lost 7. Users are resistant 6. Deadlines are unrealistic 5. Business needs change 4. Chosen technology changes 3. Project changes are poorly managed 2. Scope is ill-defined 1. Project managers don’t understand users’ needs 14-11

12. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Project Termination Issues EmotionalIntellectual ClientStaff ExternalInternal 14-12

13. Project Termination Issues - Emotional 14-13 Emotional StaffClient Fear of no future workChange in attitude Loss of interest in remaining tasksLoss of interest in project Loss of project-derived motivationChange in personnel dealing with project Loss of team identityUnavailability of key personnel Selection of personnel to be reassigned Diversion of effort Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

14. Project Termination Issues – Intellectual 14-14 Intellectual InternalExternal Identification of remaining deliverables Agreement with client on remaining deliverables Certification needsAgreement with suppliers on outstanding commitments Identification of outstanding commitments Communicating closure Control of changes to projectClosing down facilities Screening of partially completed tasksDetermination of requirements for audit trail data Closure of work orders and work packages Disposal of unused material Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

15. Claims & Disputes Two types of claims Ex-gratia claims Default by the project company Resolved by Arbitration Binding Non-binding Standard litigation 14-15

16. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Protecting Against Claims o Consider claims as part of the project plan o Verify stakeholders know their risks o Keep good records throughout the life cycle o Keep clear details of change orders o Archive all correspondence 14-16

17. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Final Report Elements  Project performance  Administrative performance  Organizational structure  Team performance  Project management techniques  Benefits to the organization and customer 14-17

18. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Summary 1. Distinguish among the four main forms of project management. 2. Recognize the seven steps in formal project closeout. 3. Understand key reasons for early termination of projects. 4. Know the challenges and components of a final project report. 14-18

19. Copyright © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall 14-19