1. The Importance of Drug and Alcohol Testing in the Roofing Industry

2. SUBSTANCE ABUSE IN THE WORKPLACE What problem costs the American economy more than $100 billion every year? What problem causes employers to incur a 300 percent increase in medical costs and benefits? The answer is substance abuse in the workplace

3. SUBSTANCE ABUSE IN THE WORKPLACE Research shows that substance abusers are: 5 times more likely to file a workers' compensation claim. 2.5 times more likely to have lengthy absences from work. 3 times more likely to be late for work. Likely to use 2.5 times more medical benefits One-third less productive.

4. SUBSTANCE ABUSE IN THE WORKPLACE According to the Labor Department, five million of the country's estimated nine million employed substance abusers work for small companies. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) reports that 68 percent of all illegal drug users are employed either full- or part-time. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) reports that 68 percent of all illegal drug users are employed either full- or part-time. Large companies are implementing programs to achieve drug-free workplaces, small firms are not.

5. GENERAL DRUG ABUSE FACTS The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) estimates that one in every five employees ages 18-25 and one in every eight employees ages 26-34 uses drugs on the job. NIDA reports that 68 percent of all illegal drug users are employed either full- or part-time.

6. GENERAL ALCOHOL FACTS The most abused drug in the U.S. Alcohol related car crashed are the #1 killer of teens. 1 in 10 Americans report driving under the influence. CDC reports there are 13 million alcoholics in the U.S.; 4 million are under 18 years old.

7. WORKPLACE SUBSTANCE ABUSE FACTS 1 in 5 workers in the U.S. has a drug or alcohol problem 34%-50% of all workers comp claims are from or related to substance abuse. 54% of workers 35-44 years old killed in unintentional workplace incidents had positive presence of drugs/alcohol Up to 40% of industrial fatalities and 47% of industrial injuries are linked to alcohol and alcoholism More than 90% of alcoholics and 77% of drug addicts are employed

8. Marijuana (Cannabis) “Hallucinogen” General Information “weed, pot, grass, reefer, Mary Jane”. Contains 421 different chemicals. Stored in fat cells an active state up to 30 days. Red, dilated, glassy eyes has a distinctive odor. Distorted sense of time, speed; slow reactions.

9. Cocaine “Stimulant” General Information “Coke, dust, snow, flake, blow.” White/creamy granular powder derived from the coca plant. Cocaine HCL – “snorting or injected” effects felt within minutes but lasts 40-50 minutes Cocaine base – “crack, rock, free base” effects within 7 seconds; 90% pure. Increased motor activity, less coordination. Increased heart, respiration rate.

10. Amphetamines “Stimulant” General Information. “Speed”. Pills or powder. Methamphetamines “crank, crystal” Creamy white or lumpy powder. Oral, injected or snorted. High psychological and physical dependency. Impulsive and risk taking behaviors. Weight loss. Inability to concentrate.

11. Opiates “Downers” General Information Narcotic that alleviates pain. Natural derivatives – morphine, opium, codeine, heroin, Synthetic derivatives – Demerol, Percodan, Percocet. Pills, smoked, injected. High tolerance; withdrawal can be deadly. Physical fatigue, drowsiness.

12. Phencyclidine (PCP) “Hallucinogen” General Information. “Angel dust, rocket fuel”. Can be smoked, inhaled, swallowed, injected. “Dusting” –PCP mixed with marijuana, tobacco. Muscle rigidity, lack of coordination. Dizziness, profuse sweating. Unpredictable aggressive, bizarre behaviors. Immunity from harm.

13. Alcohol General Information. At low levels, stimulant. Overall, depressant –slows physical/mental functioning. Most commonly drug abused at work. Not digested as food. Peak effects reach brain within 20 minutes. Kills brain cells and brain damage is permanent.

14. Alcohol Physical Effects Mouth/esophagus – irritant. Stomach/intestines –ulcers, blocks. Liver – inflames liver cells, cirrhosis, jaundice. Heart – inflammation of heart, increased fat deposits.

15. Alcohol.02-.05 Relaxation/loosening of inhibitions.05-.10 Impaired vision, perception, judgment, concentration..10-.20 Impaired hearing, balance and coordination..20-.30 Blackouts..30-.40 Passing out..40-.50 Coma..55+ Death.

16. Signs and Symptoms of Substance Abuse Abuse of alcohol and other drugs affects people. Emotionally.Behaviorally.Physically.

17. Emotional effects of substance abuse Aggression.Burnout.Anxiety.Depression.Paranoia.Denial.

18. Behavioral effects of substance abuse Slow reaction time Impaired coordination Slowed or slurred speech Irritability Excessive talking Inability to sit still Limited attention span Poor motivation or lack of energy

19. Physical effects of substance abuse Weight loss. Sweating.Chills. Smell of alcohol. What can be done?

20. CLEAR AND DEFINED DRUG/ALCOHOL- FREE WORKPLACE POLICY The Drug-Free Workplace Policy accomplishes two major things: Sends a clear message that alcohol and drug use in the workplace is prohibited Encourages employees who have. problems with alcohol and other drugs to voluntarily seek help.

21. SUBSTANCE ABUSE TESTING Pre-employment screening. Post-accident screening. Random screening for current drivers. Pre-qualification screening for new drivers. Pre-qualification for new supervisors. Return-to-duty. Reasonable cause.

22. Responsibilities Supervisor Awareness Training. Employee counseling. Disciplinary Action. Consistency. Too many supervisors feel different there are different punishments for different people. Too many supervisors feel different there are different punishments for different people. This is one of the greatest mistakes that can be made as it enables the substance abuser to continue. This is one of the greatest mistakes that can be made as it enables the substance abuser to continue.