1. 4.4 CLI & System Management
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2. System management basics
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3. System Management
CLI-Based user interface (CLI: Command Line Interface)
commands are not case-sensitive
file names & directory names are case-sensitive
e.g.: config, show config, show running-config, cd BSA, ...
web-based configurator (WCF: Web Configurator Factory)
CWMP TR-69
SNMP V1/V2/V3
SNTP synchronization
support of user privileges
upload/download of configuration & binaries via FTP/TFTP
QoS measurement probe
traceroute, ping, extended ping
user authentication via RADIUS or TACACS+
RADIUS accounting
event and trace buffering
flow capture and decoding
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4. management interfaces:
System Management
management interfaces:
console port:
serial, 9600 bps async, 8 bits, 1 stop, no parity, no flow control
ethernet port
factory IP address:
configuration using telnet
FTP/TFTP for downloading/uploading files
access rights: 3 levels
user (level 0): only access to elementary show functions or diagnostics
manager (level 7): access to all show functions, traces and configurations
administrator (level 15): access to all functions including system debugging
default login:
login = admin
password = admin
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5. local user management System Management
users with different access rights can be defined
each user has a username, password and belongs to a group
3 pre-defined user groups with 3 levels of access rights:
levels 0 (user) , 7 (manager) & 15 (administrator)
CLI commands:
example: create user "teacher" with password "severe" and level "administrator"
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6. any file can be uploaded / downloaded
File System 1/4
file system: 2 DISKS
FLASH disk (non volatile / EEPROM saved, default):
BSA directory with sub-directories
config : for configuration files
binaries : for software binaries
dump : for log files
RAM disk (volatile : erased on power reset, not after reboot)
used by the system itself (temporary files)
used for log files (events or traces)
contains:
the "tmp" directory for saving temporary files
the "running-config": a txt file with the CLI commands to build the current configuration
event files (log messages)
any file can be uploaded / downloaded
software binaries, boot binaries, configuration and log files
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7. CLI commands for file and directory management:
File System 2/4
CLI commands for file and directory management:
devs [flash | ramdisk] : without parameters, displays the file system in use. with the parameters, the user can change the current working file system.
pwd : displays the current working directory
cd <directory> : change directory
mkdir <directory> : create a new directory
ls : list the files and sub-directories of the current directory
cat <filename> : list content of a text file (config., logs)
who : provides the list of users who are connected to the router
rm <filename> : remove a file
exec -echo <filename> : executes a CLI script
mv <filename1> <filename2> : rename a file
copy <file1> <file2> : copy a file (source: file1, destination: file2)
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8. file and directory management
File System 3/4
file and directory management
root directory
FLASHDISK
BSA subdirectory
RAMDISK
FLASHDISK
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9. file and directory management
File System 4/4
file and directory management
logging of all SNMP v3 sessions
logging of all Telnet sessions
password file
lists the software & configuration files to start-up the device by bootsoftware
configuration management history
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10. device motherboard description
Power-Up Message 1/4
device motherboard description
serial nr
free Flash memory ➙
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11. software binary file location software binary file name
Power-Up Message 2/4
software binary file location
software binary file name ➙ ➙
software version:
ONEOS1: ONE
ONEOS2: ONE 400
ONEOS4: ONE 20A – 100A
ONEOS5: ONE – 300
ONEOS6: ONE 20D – 100D
ONEOS7: ONECell 25
ONEOS35: ONECell 35
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12. hardware configuration
Power-Up Message 3/4 ➙
hardware configuration ➙
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13. configuration file name
Power-Up Message 4/4 ➙
configuration file name
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14. Basic CLI handling
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15. Getting Started with CLI
you do not have to fully write CLI keywords: ➨ press <TAB> to complete the keyword.
If there are more than one keyword match for a partial word, the CLI answers ‘Ambiguous command’. (example: ‘sh’ matches ‘shutdown’ and ‘show’)
if you do not know what to enter: ➨ press ‘?’ anywhere in the command line to get help
the CLI is not case-sensitive ?
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16. Getting Started with CLI
edition keystrokes
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17. Hardware Configuration
basic CLI Commands
Hardware Configuration
OneOs>show system hardware
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18. System Status basic CLI Commands OneOs>show system status
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19. System Configuration (1)
basic CLI Commands
System Configuration (1)
OneOs>show running-config
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20. System Configuration (2)
basic CLI Commands
System Configuration (2)
OneOs>show configuration
OneOs>show configuration interface
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21. basic CLI Commands
Accessing the configuration mode (admin/manager privilege) :
OneOs> configure terminal
Saving configuration :
OneOs> save running-config [ to <filename>]
Router reboot :
OneOs> reboot [ { after <seconds> | at <hh>:<mm>[:<ss>] } ]
OneOs> reboot cancel
Restart with default configuration :
OneOs> erase saved-config
Are you sure you want to erase running configuration? (Y/N) : y
Restore factory settings :
OneOs> restore factory-setting
Actually this command does :
OneOs> rm /BSA/config/bsaStart.cfg
OneOs> rm /password
OneOs> rm /snmpv3.users
OneOs> reboot
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22. basic CLI Commands Manual date/time setting : OneOs> date
29/01/2008
OneOs> date <dd>/<mm>/<yr>
OneOs> time
11:06:30
OneOs> time <hh>:<mn>:<sc>
Date/time synchronisation on an NTP clock source (SNTP client):
OneOs> configure terminal
OneOs(configure)> sntp broadcast client
OneOs(configure)> sntp <server-ip-address> [<source-if> <unit>]
Adjusting universal time acquired by NTP to local time zone and time offset:
OneOs(configure)> clock timezone <name> < >
OneOs(configure)> clock summer-time recurring <name> { <1-4> | first | last } <day> <month> { <1-4> | first | last } <day> <month>
Example:
clock timezone GMT 1
clock summer-time recurring PARIS last Sunday March 02:00 last Sunday October 03:00
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23. password recovery Password Recovery
If the login/passwords are lost, password recovery is possible from the console port typing: <ESCAPE>, then <CTRL>+Y and finally <CTRL>+N
the ‘/password’ file and the configuration file are erased.
If you attempt to log in after reboot the password file is recreated with the default ‘admin’/’admin’ login/password.
example:
Username: <ESC> <Ctrl Y> <Ctrl N>
Are you sure you want to reset configuration? (y/n) y
System will reboot now.
Rebooting the device...
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24. CLI Help 1 OneOs>help
atm-capture - Capture ATM traffic on a specific PVC
auto-call - make an automatic call
auto-update - Start/Stop AutoUpdate sequence
boot - Configure the boot application
capture - Set protocol analyser filters
configure - Enter configuration mode
console - Disable/Enable console input
copy - Copy <URL Source> <URL Destination>
debug - Debug
disable - Turn off privileged commands
dot management commands
enable - Reserved
erase - Erase running-config and reboot
exec - Execute a file
exit - Exit intermediate mode
factory - factory <lock | unlock | fxs>
factory-conf - factory-conf <serialnumber> <MACaddr> [<password>]
ftp - Enter ftp session
hostname - Get host name
isdn - helpfull isdn commands
monitor - Monitor administration functions
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25. CLI Help 2 OneOs>help no - Disable ping / flood ping sessions
package-options - Package options management
ping - Send ICMP echo request
post-mortem - Enable/disable post mortem
pstn - helpfull pstn commands
restore - Restore factory default settings
save - Save configuration [to filename]
serial-capture - Capture traffic on serial interface
snmp - snmp
software - Change operational or backup software version
telnet - Telnet to host
term - Reserved
trace - Filter trace calls
trace-oam - Manage display of OAM traffic
traceroute - Traces route to host
untar - untar a file on flash
verify - Verify boot or soft files
write - Write running config
x25 - x25 management commands
xping - Set ping session
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26. CLI Help Commands 1 OneOs>help commands activate - Configure system
alias - Text substitution
bind - Bind an address to telnet server
broadcast - Write message to all users logged in
cat - Display contents of a file
cd - Change working directory
chkdsk <device:> - DOS file system sanity check / co
clear - Reset functions
cpuClkStart - Start task activity monitor running at ticksPerSec ticks per second
cpuClkStop - Stop collecting data
cpuHelp - Print the list of cpu report functionalities
cpuReport - Prints display of task activity statistics
cpuStart - Start cpuClkStart and do a report every freq seconds
cpuStop - Stop collecting data and reports
cpuTask - Run periodic task activity reports
date - Print/set the date
delay - Delays
devs - List or change all system-known devices
echo - Echo text typed in
end - Reserved
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27. CLI Help Commands 2 OneOs>help commands event - Filter events calls
format - Format the flash
groups - Show system groups
help - Show command help
history - Show command history
logout - Log off this system
ls - List files
mkdir - Create directory
mv - Move file
power-on-reboot - do a power on reboot
prompt - Change current prompt
pwd - Print curent working directory
reboot - Reboot the equipment
reboot-check - Reboot the equipment
repeat - Repeat a message
rm - Remove a file
serial-port - Change serial port caracteristics
show - Show running system information
sleep - Sleep for n seconds
start - start a call generator
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28. CLI Help Commands 3 OneOs>help commands
stop - stop a call generator
stty - Terminal settings
syntax - Show command syntax
system - System settings
time - Print/set the time
tree - Show command tree
tshell - Switch to Target Shell on this session
user - User configuration
who - Display users currently logged in
whoami - Show current user info
write_message - Write text to another user
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29. File download/upload Download / Upload 1
first: checking flash disk space !
the last line of the command output indicates the available memory
example:
required space depends on the OneOS version:
OneOs> show device status flash
OneOs> show device status flash
- free space on volume: ,310,656 bytes
OneOs>
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30. Any file may be uploaded/downloaded :
Download / Upload 2
FTP or TFTP
ONExx has embedded FTP or TFTP clients
Connection to FTP or TFTP Server from
The ONExx after opening a telnet session from the PC
The ONExx through the console session
Any file may be uploaded/downloaded :
Software and boot binary files
Configuration files
Log files (events)
file transfer must be started from the directory where the file is located
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31. TFTP upload: TFTP Upload
example: - transfer of bsaStart.cfg from ONExx to the PC - TFTP server IP address =
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32. TFTP download: TFTP Download
example: - transfer of bsaStart.cfg from the PC/tftp server to the ONExx/tftp client - TFTP server IP address =
Executing a configuration file:
OneOs> exec –echo bsaStart.cfg
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33. FTP upload: FTP Upload example:
transfer of bsaStart.cfg from ONExx to the PC
FTP server IP address =
note: during any FTP sessions following commands are available:
LOCAL / ONExxx :
lls ( local ls command )
lcd ( local cd command )
REMOTE / PC :
ls ( ls command )
cd ( cd command )
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34. FTP download: FTP Download
example: - transfer of bsaStart.cfg from the PC to the ONExx - FTP server IP address =
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35. Software Upgrade Example for downloading a new software release:
Read the bsaBoot.inf file to read the current location and software name:
Run a TFTP server on a PC (IP address = ) and enter the following command:
Rename OneOs and reboot
OneOs> cd BSA
OneOs> cat bsaBoot.inf
flash:/BSA/binaries/OneOs (software binary name)
flash:/BSA/config/bsaStart.cfg
OneOs> cd BSA/binaries
OneOs> copy tftp:// /OneOs_file.ZZZ OneOsNew
OneOs> mv OneOs OneOsold
OneOs> mv OneOsNew OneOs
OneOs> reboot
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36. verification of software integrity
example:
OneOs>show soft-file info [<path>/]<filename>
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37. Recover Factory Settings
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38. Factory Settings via CLI 1/2
Objective
Reload a router as if it was coming from factory
CLI Command
restore factory-setting
Are you sure you want to restore factory settings?(Y/N):
Action
Removes all files except certain system files:
flash: /BSA/bsaBoot.inf
flash: /BSA/binaries/OneOs
flash: /factory-backup/ (and all files found under that directory)
flash: /ibc (and all files found under that directory)
flash: /tftpboot (and all files found under that directory)
Regenerates certain system files
Flash:/password
Flash:/BSA/bsaBoot.inf
System Reboots
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39. Factory Settings via CLI 2/2
Some customer settings can be restored
Files in Factory-backup directory are restored
flash:/factory-backup/default-bsaStart.cfg
flash:/factory-backup/default-web.tar
flash:/factory-backup/default.wcfaccounts.ini
flash:/factory-backup/default-password
Following files are erased:
snmpv3.user
ssh_host_dsa_key.pub (SSH public DSA key)
ssh_host_dsa_key (SSH DSA key)
pinecode (PIN code for Mobile Access Routers)
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40. Factory Settings via Hardware
Restore Factory Settings via hardware
No need to access via Console Port
Specific boot Flag must be set
flags (f) : 0x8008
the router configuration is overwritten with the factory configuration
flags (f) : 0x4008
the router configuration is renamed as /BSA/config/bsaStart.rescue and the factory configuration is copied such that it is used as start configuration
Procedure
Power-on the product
The ‘Status’ LED blinks very quickly, then it blinks more slowly.
When all LEDs of the front panel are lit, unplug the power cable.
Repeat the process three times and then let the router boot. The restore operation will be done.
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