1. FORMS OF FICTION

2. All categories of books or stories can be called either fiction or non-fiction. Fiction a made up story can tell about things that could happen is read for fun characters may be like real people or imaginary Non-Fiction has facts that can be checked and proven the author is an expert on this information it IS TRUE!

3. Genres and literature When you speak about genre and literature, genre means a category, or kind of story.

4. Fictional Writing… Many genres: – Adventure, science fiction, romance, mystery, etc. Originally fiction followed a typical “plot formula” – Ex: happy ending, good guy wins Today… people sometimes make it less unpredictable

5. Folk Tales or “Folklore” Folk tales are stories that have been passed down over the years by word of mouth. Many different cultures have folk tales with similar themes, motifs, and character types. They typically are anonymous (no known author).

6. Folk Tales or “Folklore” Examples include: – The Nightingale – The Seventh Sister – How the Snake Got Poison – Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves – He Lion, Bruh Bear, and Bruh Rabbit Fairy tales, fables, tall tales, and myths are different types of folk tales.

7. Fables: Stories that are meant to teach a theme (moral) Told by people all over the world Often has animals who are personified (can talk & act like people) Animal characters usually represent personality types (greedy, vain, gullible, sly tricksters)

8. Fables: Told by people all over the world Aesop = One of the most famous Western world fable tellers – his stories are still being read 2,600 years later Ex: – Tortoise & the Hare – The Boy Who Cried Wolf – Ant and the Grasshopper – Lion and the Mouse – Hare and the Hound

9. Fairy Tales: Also passed down over the years by word of mouth Usually have obvious fictional details - carpets fly, dragons, genies, fairy princesses, magic Usually have a quest (problem to be solved) Use number 3 and other repetitions How are Fairy Tales different from Folk Tales? Fairy tales are a subgenre of folk tales and almost always involve some element of magic and good triumphing over evil. A good rule of thumb: if there's a fairy in the story, it's a fairy tale.

10. Fairy Tales: Sometimes there’s a lesson Tend to travel from one culture to another Different cultures may have the same general story line …even though they’re thousands of miles apart Ex: – Cinderella - story is found in China, West Africa, Korea, Egypt, U.S., etc. – Rumplestiltskin – Princess and the Pea – The Frog Prince – Rapunzel

11. Myths: Stories about gods and heroes that people told to give human shape to the words around them Answer basic questions such as: – Where does fire come from? – What makes seasons change? – How should we live? – What is right/wrong?

12. Myths continued… Often connected to a culture’s religious beliefs & values Passed down orally Some say scientific evidence has replaced myths (explains things in nature) Monsters threaten hero Metamorphoses take place Ex: Baucis and Philemon Medusa’s Head – Myth of Hercules – Myth of Pandora's Box – Myth of Zeus

13. Legends: Often connected to historical events Traditionally passed down by word of mouth – so some have become exaggerated over time Often have superhuman heroes very villainous enemies, victories are more fantastic than reality Ex: – The legend of Troy – Davy Crockett’s story – The legend of King Arthur, Robin Hood, Blackbeard…

14. The Three Sizes of modern Fiction NOVEL NOVELLA SHORT STORY

15. SHORT STORY: a story with a fully developed theme but significantly shorter and less elaborate than a novel. Shorter than a “novella” Ex: – “All American Slurp” – “The Bracelet” – “The Gift of the Magi” – “Just Once” – “All Summer in a Day”

16. Novella: A story that is not necessarily meant to be read in one sitting Shorter than a “novel” Longer than a “short story” Ex: – The Gold Cadillac – The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde – The Time Machine – The Old Man and the Sea – A Christmas Carol – Animal Farm

17. Novel: a fictitious prose narrative of book length, typically representing character and action with some degree of realism. Ex: – The Hunger Games – The Cay – Maroo of the Winter Caves – Harry Potter Divergent A Tale of Two Cities Bridge to Terebithia The Great Gatsby