1. Environmental analysis applying inner-shell spectroscopies and the molecular orbital theory Jun Kawai Kyoto University Acknowledgements S. Kunimura, N. Sasaki Asahi Glass Foundation MTA-JSPS Joint Resaerch Project

2. Portable TXRF with Hamamatsu Photonics tube (1W)

3. www.fisichem.com http://www.x-ray.co.jp/imp_pico.html http://www.rigaku.co.jp/products/p/xfex0015/ 37kg 70kg 5 kg http://www.technos.co.jp/products/index.html Non-mono X-ray tube 1 W Detection limit 1 ng August 2007

4. XRF X-ray TXRF XRF + Scat.X-ray Non-TXRF K: 6 ng Ca ， Sc ， Ti ， V ， Cr ， Mn ， Fe: 8 ng Ni: 24 ng S: 435 ng TXRF ： Yoneda & Horiuchi (1971)

5. TXRF Yoneda & Horiuchi (1971) April, 2007 HoriuchiKunimura

6. 9 ng of V Blank 20 x 7  L Vanadium containing mineral water

7. K: 6 ng Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe: 8 ng, Ni: 24 ng S: 435 ng 20  L ｘ 0.5 ppm Cr

8. 20 mm 0.8  m 1 mm 5 mm 100 mm Si wafer Al strips Egorov: X-Ray Spectrom. 33 (2004)360

9. Detector Sample Reflectors www.fisichem.com Conventional XRF TXRF H.J. Sanchez: Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Res. B 194 (2002) 90

11. Waveguide Mode Formation Air Mo Be Mo Substrate 2 3

13. Ca - Fe 4 ng, Ni 12 ng Si 50  m W X-ray X-rays 50  m ~150  m … … ~25  m Music plate lens X-ray wave guide

14. Detection limit for various TXRF spectrometers

15. Donau Kamogawa Kyoto

16. 50 kV X-ray tube zoom Standard soil sample (KKS) Pb 1077 ppm As 408 ppm Se 314 ppm Cd 614 ppm Hg 72 ppm

18. Conclusions Non-mono X-ray tube 1 W, TXRF: Detection limit 1 ng at August 2007 X-ray optics: wave guides, music lens, discharge X-ray tube, … Quantum chemistry-Pb La/Lb ratio…