1. Principles of Management Learning Session # 45 Dr. A. Rashid Kausar

2. Re-cap of Session # 44

3. The Operations System People Technology Capital Equipment Materials Information Inputs Outputs Goods Services Transformation Process

4. Productivity Productivity = Outputs Inputs Productivity = Outputs Inputs Why Productivity Matters Different Kinds of Productivity

5. Why Productivity Matters Higher Productivity Higher Productivity Lower Costs Lower Costs Lower Prices Lower Prices Higher Market Share Higher Market Share Higher Profits Higher Profits Higher Standard of Living Higher Standard of Living

6. Kinds of Productivity Partial Productivity = Outputs Single Kind of Input Multifactor Productivity = Outputs Labor + Capital + Materials + Energy

7. National Quality Awards National Quality Awards Total Quality Organization Total Quality Organization Quality ISO 9000 (TQM) ISO 9000 (TQM) Quality-Related Product Characteristics Quality-Related Service Characteristics

8. Meanings for Quality … A product or service free of deficiencies … The characteristics of a product or service that satisfy customer needs … The characteristics of a product or service that satisfy customer needs

9. Quality-Related Characteristics RATER

10. Quality-Related Characteristics Respon- siveness Respon- siveness Assurance Empathy Reliability Tangibles

11. ISO 9000 1. A series of international standards: ISO 9000 to ISO 9004 2. Certifies quality processes 3. Customers are increasingly demanding ISO 9000 certification

12. HRM Process Compensation and Benefits Career Development Performance Management Human Resource Planning Recruitment Derecruitment Selection Identification and selection of competent employees OrientationTraining Adapted and competent employees with up-to-date skills and knowledge Competent employees who are capable of sustaining high performance over the long term Environment

13. Job Analysis and HRM Job Analysis Job Description Job Specifications HR Subsystems RecruitingRecruitingSelectionSelectionTrainingTrainingPerformanceAppraisalPerformanceAppraisalSeparationSeparation

14. Value Chain Management Value Performance characteristics, features, and attributes, and any other aspects of goods and services for which customers are willing to pay resources.

15. value Chain is the entire series of work activities that add value at each step of the transformation process. Value Chain Management is the process of managing an entire sequence of activities along the entire value chain. Focuses on both incoming materials and outgoing products and services.

16. Goal of Value Chain Management Better the collaboration among chain participants, better the customer solutions!

17. Managing Change The Organisation External Change Factors Economy regulations Competition Technical Development Imports Politics Internal Change Factors Structure Jobs Employees Technology Culture

18. Managing Resistance to Change CHANGEUNFREEZEREFREEZE THREE-STEP PROCESS:

19. Thank You & Happy Learning!