1. 1 Adapted from: St. Joan of Arc Resource Library Additional Information from: Owl Purdue Online Writing Lab

2. 2 MLA: Modern Language Association

3. 3 Placed within your piece of writing Any quote or idea (that is not your own) must be followed by an in-text citation (or else risk PLAGIARISM) You will place important information about the resource in parentheses ( ) Embedded citations will follow a quote or paraphrase Readers know which source contains that idea or quote The embedded citation is part of the sentence: ALWAYS put your period after the parentheses

4. 4 A citation is NOT necessary for information that is considered common knowledge Examples: WWI began in 1914 “I was the best of times, it was the worst of times”

5. Book by a single author Author’s name (last name, first name). Title of the book. Place of publication: Name of Publisher, Year of publication. EXAMPLE: Lawrence, Mike. The Complete DIY Manual. London: Anness, 1999. 5 EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Lawrence 145)

6. Books by 2+ authors Author’s names (last name, first name), give them the order as on the title page. Reverse the name of the first author, add a comma and give the other name or names in standard form. Title of the book. Place of publication: Name of Publisher, Year of publication. EXAMPLE: Dickinson, John A. And Brian Young. A Short History of Quebec. 2 nd Ed. Toronto: Copp Clark, 1993. 6 EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Dickinson and Young 57)

7. 7 Book by Unknown Author Citation: Making Connections: Canada’s Geography. Toronto: Pearson Education Canada, 2006. Print. Embedded Citation: (Canada’s Geography) Note: if it is a short piece, like an article, put the shortened title in quotations

8. dictionary “Word”, Title of Dictionary. Edition. Year. EXAMPLE: “Drachma”, The New Lexicon Webster’s Encyclopedic Dictionary of the English Language. Canadian Edition. 1998. 8 EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (New Lexicon 282)

9. Encyclopedia article, author known Author(s)’s names (last name, first name). “Title of the Article”. Title of the Encyclopedia. Place of publication: Name of Publisher, Year of publication. EXAMPLE: Cooper, Kenneth S. “Renaissance.” The New Book of Knewledge. Deluxe Library Edition. 1993. 9 EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Cooper 156)

10. Encyclopedia article, author unknown “Title of the Article”. Title of Encyclopedia. Place of publication: Name of Publisher, Year of publication. EXAMPLE: “Aging and Ability”. The Marshall Cavendish Encyclopedia of Personal Relationships. 1990. 10 EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (“Aging and Ability”)

11. Encyclopedia article on cd-rom “Title of the Article”. Title of Encyclopedia. CD-Rom. Place: Company. Year. EXAMPLE: “Ontario”. Compton’s Interactive Encyclopedia. CD-Rom. Maryland: Softkey Multimedia, Inc. 1998. 11 EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (“Ontario”)

12. Newspaper or magazine article Author (Last Name, First Name). “Title of the Article”. Newspaper. Date, edition: section or pages. EXAMPLE: Laghi, Brian. “Chretien calls abuse in China ‘disturbing’”. Globe and Mail. 15 Feb 2001, early ed.: A1 12 EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Laghi A1)

13. Journal article Author (Last Name, First Name). “Title of the Article”. Title of Journal. Edition (year): pages. EXAMPLE: O’Reilly, Thomas. “Proprietorship of Pixels”. Law Now. December 2000/January 2001: 14-16 13 EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (O’Reilly 15)

14. Internet: world wide web Author (last name, first name). “Title of item searched.” Name of sponsoring organization. Date of access and URL address. EXAMPLE: Rosensweig, Brahm. “Destruction”. Discovery Channel (Online) 15 Feb 2001. http://exn.ca/FlightDeck/Arrowhttp://exn.ca/FlightDeck/Arrow 14 EMBEDDED NOTE EXAMPLE: (Rosensweig)

15. 15 Source: Page 24 of Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen Embedded Citation? (Austen 24)

16. 16 Source: Your Geography Textbook Embedded Citation? (Clark, Wallace, and Earle 46)

17. 17 Add embedded citations to your Continental Drift Assignment Make necessary corrections

18. 18 Owl Purdue: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/