1. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Ergonomics

2. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM “Ergonomics is an applied science concerned with the design of workplaces, tools, and tasks that match the physiological, anatomical, and psychological characteristics and capabilities of the worker.” Vern Putz-Anderson “The Goal of ergonomics is to ‘fit the job to the person,’ rather than making the person fit the job.” Ergotech “If it hurts when you are doing something, don’t do it.” Bill Black What is Ergonomics?

3. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Dates back to Ramazzini 1700’s Gained significance during WWII for airplane cockpit layout Progressed slowly until the 80’s and 90’s with the advent of the computer and more efficient workplace design Now, guidelines are in place and greater use of technology Evolution of Ergonomics

4. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Why do we care about Ergonomics?

5. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM MSDs Contact with Objects Transportation Related Falls All Other Workplace Violence Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Annual Survey, 1996 Musculoskelatal Disorders (MSDs) Represent 1 in 3 Lost Time Injuries

6. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM 0200040006000800010000 MSDs of the Back Upper Extremity MSDs Average Claim Average Costs per Claim ($) MSDs Cost Twice the Average Workers’ Compensation Claim Source: Workers’ Compensation data from Insurance Companies 1993

7. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Types of Injuries Muscle pain Joint pain Swelling Numbness Restricted motion Repetitive stress injury Repetitive motion injury Cumulative trauma disorder Musculoskeletal disorder

8. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Target Regions Back Upper extremities Lower extremities

9. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Multidisciplinary Nature of Ergonomics Anatomy and Physiology Engineering Psychology Engineering Medicine Anthropology Biomechanics

10. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Physical Size Endurance Strength Manipulative Environmental Cognitive From David Alexander, 1986 Types of Problems or Mismatches

11. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Clearance Reach Equipment Size Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Physical Size

12. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Endurance (Capacity for Work)

13. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Environmental Noise Lighting Thermal Chemical

14. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Cognitive Machine Pacing Shift Work Morale Psychosocial

15. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Strength Force Requirements Male/Female Manual Materials Handling

16. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Decreased injury risk Increased productivity Decreased mistakes/rework Increased efficiency Decreased lost work days Decreased turnover Improved morale Benefits of Ergonomics

17. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Tolerable Acceptable Optimal Goals of Intervention

18. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Engineering Administrative Work Practices Ergonomic Controls

19. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Other Issues Aging workforce Universal design

20. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM Sanitation Tools and Process Exercise Describe tools Awkward Postures During Sanitation –Accessibility –Maintainability What are some of the most difficult tasks Job Safety Analysis

21. ERGONOMICS :: TRAIN-THE-TRAINER PROGRAM What does the worker need to know from this presentation?