1. LO: SWBAT explain how plants are adapted to carry out photosynthesis DN: Write the equation for photosynthesis. Identify the raw materials and end products. HW: Read pages 595-598 page 606#14-20 Thursday: page 218 #29-33 Friday: Castle Learning- Holiday Review

2. How are we adapted for Heterotrophic nutrition?

3. The many parts of a plant help it to maintain homeostasis!!!!!

4. Roots  Used to anchor the plant  Absorb water  Stores nutrients  Absorption of water and nutrients  Root hairs  Increase surface area for water absorption

5. Stems  Provides support  Transports materials from the roots to the upper part of the plant by vascular tissue

6. Xylem Transports water from the roots to the leaves (up)

7. Phloem Transports glucose (food) from the leaves to the roots (down)

9. Transpiration  The evaporation of water from the leaves

10. Where does photosynthesis happen?

11. LEAVES  Where most photosynthesis occurs  Stomata: openings in the leaf that allow for gas exchange  CO2, O2, H2O  Cuticle: waxy covering on leaves to prevent water loss  Moist environment: thin cuticle  Dry environment: thick cuticle

12. Where in the leaf does photosynthesis happen? Palisade Photosynthetic cells Absorb light Spongy layer Photosynthetic cells Allow gas passage Cuticle Keeps moisture

13. How do H 2 O and nutrients get into the leaf?

14. Stomata  Controls the rate of gas exchange through the leaves  Found mostly on the underside of the leaf  Guard cells surround the stomatal opening

15. Guard Cells  Surround the stomata  Two bean shaped cells

16. What happens to the guard cells when:  In an environment of excessive water?  Open to release excess water  In a dry environment?  Closed to prevent water loss

17. How do guard cells control the rate of transpiration?  Open when photosyntesis is occurring  Closed when photosynthesis is not occurring (to prevent water loss)

18. In some land plants, guard cells are found only on the lower surfaces of the leaves. In some water plants, guard cells are found only on the upper surfaces of the leaves. Explain how guard cells in both land and water plants help maintain homeostasis. In your answer, be sure to: Identify one function regulated by the guard cells in leaves Explain how guard cells carry out this function. Give one possible evolutionary advantage of the position of the guard cells on the leaves of land plants.

19. Gas exchange, photosynthesis, respiration They change the size of the leaf opening Prevents excess evaporation of water from the leaves, keeps out pollutants