3.  Our word architecture comes from the Greek architecton  This means “master carpenter”  Early Greek architecture employed wood, not stone.  These early structures have not survived.  By the 6 th Century BC, stone replaced wood in the construction of important temples.  In moving from wood to stone, builders had to adapt to the differing properties of their building materials.  Wood had run out and there was plenty of stone – particularly marble– available

4.  Stone is not crushed as easily as wood but it does not bend or twist as easily as wood  Early temples had massive pillars as architects worried about their ability to support the weight above.  Later temples appear more elegant. Temple of Hera, Paestum Hephaistion, Athens

5.  The Acropolis of Athens is the best known in the world  Acropolis means high city, or “sacred rock”  The Acropolis is a flat- topped rock which rises 150 m above sea level in the city of Athens.  The most famous Greek buildings topped the Acropolis of Athens  The MOST famous of these is the PARTHENON

6. - Unlike modern churches or mosques, Greek temples were not meant to be meeting places for congregations. - - They were homes for the community’s gods or goddesses and a place to keep offerings

7.  In the mild climate of Greece, ceremonies generally took place outdoors.  Even the altars, upon which sacrifices were made, were outside the temple structure.

8.  There are four distinct parts to a Greek temple.  The bottom, horizontal part is the steps.  Most Greek temples had three of them.

9.  The second section is vertical and is the column.  Most columns had a base (though not the Doric), at the bottom, a shaft in the middle, and a column at the top.  The shaft may be smooth or fluted.

10.  Above the column is the entablature. This is the grouping of horizontal bands that sit on the column. If the column is the leg, think of this as the tabletop.  It has 3 parts: the architrave, a kind of base.  The frieze, a decorated part  The cornice the top.

11.  The top section (the fourth part) is like a triangle and is called the pediment.  Sits on top of the entablature

12. The three classical orders are: Doric Ionic Corinthian

13.  Doric columns are the heaviest in appearance  The capital (the top of the column) is plain  looks like the column is going up to a “pillow”  The shaft is thicker than other columns  There is no base

14.  These have greater elegance.  The Ionic capital looks like a scroll.  The Ionic column is thinner than the Doric  The capital has distinctive flutes.  A base is apparent.

15.  This is also a tall, elegant form.  Skinniest of the columns  Most elaborate capital  The capital has distinctive leaf decoration.  A base is also employed.