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The Building Programme on the Acropolis Propylaia, Temples to Athena, Parthenon, Erectheion, Athena Nike Temple.

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Presentation on theme: "The Building Programme on the Acropolis Propylaia, Temples to Athena, Parthenon, Erectheion, Athena Nike Temple."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Building Programme on the Acropolis Propylaia, Temples to Athena, Parthenon, Erectheion, Athena Nike Temple

2 History 566 BCE Reorganization of the Panathenaia 550 Peisistratid stone poros temple (Hekatompedon) 490 Marble buidling on site of Parthenon 480 Burning of the Parthenon and Acropolis buildings 447 - 438 Parthenon 438 Propylaia 425 - 421 Athena Nike 421 Peace of Nikias 415 Sicilian Expedition 421 - 406 Erectheion

3 Parthenon Perikles, the politician Phidias, the sculptor Iktinos and Kallikrates, the architects Athens hegemony of the Delian league 1/60th of treasury paid to Athens Doric order - most perfect example

4 RES PARTHENONICA 69.50 by 30.86 meters Octastyle. Doric with many elements derived from Ionic order. Perfect ratio system (9:5) creating a vital building Curvature of stylobate, entasis of columns - the building breathes All possibly carved elements are sculpted: metopes of the exterior Doric frieze, both west and east pediments, Ionic frieze of cella

5 Creativity of Architects Iktinos and Kallikrates Re-use of earlier pre-Persian column drums. Enlargement of Temple. Doric innovation to use Octastyle façade. 20 meter deep foundations on the south side to give a footing for expanded building.

6 Sculptural Themes West Pediment: Struggle of Athena and Poseidon for control of Athens. East Pediment: Birth of Athena. 92 Metopes. East: Gigantomachy. West: Amazonomachy. South: Centauromachy. North: Fall of Troy. Ionic Frieze: Peplosphoros OR the Sacrifice of the Daugthers of Erectheus.

7 Athena Parthenos

8 Plan - Parthenon Prodomos Hekatompedon naos - Pheidian cult statue Parthenon - opisthodomos: city treasury.

9 Optical Refinements –Entasis of columns –Curvature of Stylobate and Crepidoma

10 Doric Corner Contraction

11 West Pediment

12 East Pediment

13 Propylaia Mnesikles - architect 438 - 432 BCE: unfinished? Propylaia is the plural of propylon. Pinakotheke to the northwest. Southwest wing curtailed because of Athena Nike sanctuary and Mycenaean wall foundations. West section and East section. West: Doric façade East: Five doors to Acropolis.

14 Plan of Propylaia

15 Pinakotheke Pausanias (2nd c CE) saw works of Polygnotos. Eleusinian limestone erasure step.

16 Interior View Doric Façade. Ionic interior colonnade. Five doors to the Acropolis. Center one NOT the most used.

17 View from the East

18 Propylaia Model

19 Athena Nike Kallikrates - architect. Tetrastyle, distyle, Ionic Erected on Mycenaean bastion. Archaic altar below. Pentelic marble. East frieze: Gods. West frieze: Battles of Greeks and Persians. Xoanon: Wooden cult statue.

20 Nike Bastion

21 Nike East Facade

22 Nike East Frieze

23 Erectheion Housed older cults on the acropolis: Erectheus, Athena Polias, Psoeidon, Hephaistos, Boutos. Irregular plan due to terrain, multi-cult, interruption of construction. Below the floor: Tomb of Kekrops, legendary king of Athens. Caryatid Porch.

24 PLAN - ERECTHEION

25 Erectheion: Caryatid Porch

26 Erechtheion: Over view

27 North Porch

28

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