1. 0 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Unit 2 The Basic Accounting Cycle Chapter 3 Business Transactions and the Accounting Equation Chapter 4Transactions That Affect Assets, Liabilities, and Owner’s Capital Chapter 5Transactions That Affect Revenue, Expenses, and Withdrawals Chapter 6Recording Transactions in a General Journal Chapter 7Posting Journal Entries to General Ledger Accounts Chapter 8The Six-Column Work Sheet Chapter 9Financial Statements for a Sole Proprietorship Chapter 10Completing the Accounting Cycle for a Sole Proprietorship Chapter 11Cash Control and Banking Activities

2. 1 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 6 Recording Transactions in a General Journal What You’ll Learn  Explain the first three steps in the accounting cycle.  Give and describe several examples of source documents.  Explain the purpose of journalizing.  Apply information from source documents.  Describe the steps to make a general journal entry.  Make general journal entries.  Correct errors in general journal entries.  Define the accounting terms introduced in this chapter.

3. 2 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 6, Section 1 The Accounting Cycle What Do You Think? What happens if you do not keep financial records in an orderly fashion?

4. 3 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Main Idea The accounting cycle is a series of steps done in each accounting period to keep records in an orderly fashion. You Will Learn  the steps in the accounting cycle.  the different types of accounting periods. The Accounting Cycle SECTION 6.1

5. 4 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Key Terms  accounting cycle  source document  invoice  receipt  memorandum  check stub  journal  journalizing  fiscal year  calendar year The Accounting Cycle SECTION 6.1

6. 5 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The Steps of the Accounting Cycle The accounting cycle, the activities a business undertakes to keep its accounting records in an orderly fashion, consists of nine steps. This chapter will cover steps 1, 2, and 3:accounting cycle  Collect and verify source documents.  Analyze each transaction.  Journalize each transaction. The Accounting Cycle SECTION 6.1

7. 6 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The Steps of the Accounting Cycle The Accounting Cycle SECTION 6.1

8. 7 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The First Step in the Accounting Cycle: Collecting and Verifying Source Documents A business has several transactions that take place daily. A source document is created for each business transaction. Commonly used source documents are: source document  an invoiceinvoice  a receiptreceipt  a memorandummemorandum  a check stubcheck stub The Accounting Cycle SECTION 6.1

9. 8 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The Second Step in the Accounting Cycle: Analyzing Business Transactions Determine the debit and credit portions of each transaction by analyzing the source document. In the real world, you must examine this document to determine what happened in a business transaction. The Accounting Cycle SECTION 6.1

10. 9 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The Third Step in the Accounting Cycle: Recording Business Transactions in a Journal Now the complete details of each transaction must be entered in a journal, a record of the transactions of a business. This is called journalizing.journaljournalizing A journal can also be called the book of original entry. The Accounting Cycle SECTION 6.1

11. 10 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The Accounting Period The accounting period is the length of time that accounting records cover. A 12 month period is called a fiscal year. If the fiscal year spans from January 1 to December 31, it is a calendar year. fiscal yearcalendar year The Accounting Cycle SECTION 6.1

12. 11 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Key Terms Review  accounting cycle Activities performed in an accounting period that help the business keep its records in an orderly fashion.  source document A paper prepared as the evidence that a transaction occurred.  invoice A source document that lists the quantity, description, unit price, and total cost of the items sold and shipped to a buyer. The Accounting Cycle SECTION 6.1

13. 12 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Key Terms Review  receipt A source document that serves as a record of cash received.  memorandum A brief written message that describes a transaction that takes place within a business.  check stub A source document that lists the same information that appears on a check and shows the balance in the checking account before and after each check is written. The Accounting Cycle SECTION 6.1

14. 13 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Key Terms Review  journal A chronological record of the transactions of a business.  journalizing The process of recording business transactions.  fiscal year An accounting period of twelve months.  calendar year Accounting period that begins on January 1 and ends on December 31. The Accounting Cycle SECTION 6.1

15. 14 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 6, Section 2 Recording Transactions in the General Journal What Do You Think? Why do you need to record transactions?

16. 15 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Main Idea You can use the general journal to record all of the transactions of a business. You Will Learn  how to record a general journal entry.  how to correct errors in the general journal. Recording Transactions in the General Journal SECTION 6.2

17. 16 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Key Term  general journal Recording Transactions in the General Journal SECTION 6.2

18. 17 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Recording a General Journal Entry The most common accounting journal is the general journal, in which all of the transactions of a business may be recorded. The general journal has two columns:general journal  the left column for recording debits  the right column for recording credits Recording Transactions in the General Journal SECTION 6.2

19. 18 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Recording a General Journal Entry This is an example of a general journal entry: Recording Transactions in the General Journal SECTION 6.2

20. 19 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Recording a General Journal Entry There are seven steps to determining each journal entry:  Identify the accounts affected.  Classify the accounts affected.  Determine the amount of increase or decrease for each account affected.  Determine which accounts are debited and for what amount.  Determine which accounts are credited and for what amount.  Determine the complete entry in T-account form.  Determine the complete entry in general journal entry form. Recording Transactions in the General Journal SECTION 6.2

21. 20 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Recording a General Journal Entry Here is an example showing the analysis of a business transaction and its general journal entry: Recording Transactions in the General Journal SECTION 6.2

22. 21 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Recording a General Journal Entry Here is an example showing the analysis of a business transaction and its general journal entry: Recording Transactions in the General Journal SECTION 6.2

23. 22 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Recording a General Journal Entry Here is an example showing the analysis of a business transaction and its general journal entry: Recording Transactions in the General Journal SECTION 6.2

24. 23 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Recording a General Journal Entry Here is an example showing the analysis of a business transaction and its general journal entry: Recording Transactions in the General Journal SECTION 6.2

25. 24 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Correcting the General Journal If an error is found, it must be corrected. Do not erase an error. Draw a line through it with a pen and enter the correct information above the line. Recording Transactions in the General Journal SECTION 6.2

26. 25 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Key Term Review  general journal An all-purpose journal in which all the transactions of a business may be recorded. Recording Transactions in the General Journal SECTION 6.2

27. 26 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Problem 1 Describe the general journal entry for the following event. On January 16, 20-- On Time Delivery issued Check 243 to Comfort Space for $4,000 to buy office furniture. Chapter 6 Review CHAPTER 6 (continued)

28. 27 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Answer 1 First record:  The date in the Date Column Chapter 6 Review CHAPTER 6 16Jan. 20-- (continued)

29. 28 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Answer 1 Then record:  The account debited in the Description column  The amount of the debit in the Debit column 16 4 0 0 0 00 Jan. 20-- Office Furniture (continued)

30. 29 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Answer 1 Then record:  The account credited in the Description column. The account name is indented under the debit account name.  The amount of the credit in the Credit Column. Chapter 6 Review CHAPTER 6 16Jan. 20-- Cash in Bank Office Furniture 4 0 0 0 00 (continued)

31. 30 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Answer 1 Finally, in the Description column, record:  An explanation. Indent the explanation under the credit account name. Chapter 6 Review CHAPTER 6 Check 243 Cash in Bank 16Office FurnitureJan. 20-- 4 0 0 0 00

32. 31 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Question 2 Why do businesses separate their accounting records into accounting periods? Chapter 6 Review CHAPTER 6

33. 32 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Answer 2 Businesses use accounting periods to make financial comparisons possible. Comparisons of business performance would be impossible if fiscal periods varied in length. Chapter 6 Review CHAPTER 6

34. 33 Glencoe Accounting Unit 2 Chapter 6 Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Resources Glencoe Accounting Online Learning Center English Glossary Spanish Glossary