1. History of Art I Islamic Art and Architecture

2. Byzantine: Hagia Sophia

7. Icons (Image) Christ (oldest known icon, sixth century) Sacred image Followed a fixed pattern (so craftsmanship emphasized over creativity) Encaustic: durability

8. Madonna Enthroned, c. 1200 AD, National Gallery of Art, DC

9. Islamic Tradition Islam is the religion that centers around the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, c. 570- 632 AD Begins in Arabia but spreads all the way from Spain to India and Indonesia. In art we will see more emphasis in the “decorative arts” rather than figural art.

12. Kaaba

13. A pre-Islamic site Muhammad taught that Abraham and Ishmael built it Contains a black stone (a meteorite) that the Angel Gabriel gave to Abraham Muslims walk around the kaaba seven times

14. The Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, 690 AD

16. Probably built by Byzantine architects from Constantinople. This will be typical of Islamic art and architecture in general: freely borrowing and adapting local traditions. What type of plan is this? Part of an effort to make Jerusalem, not Mecca the prime pilgrimage site

17. Rock: from which Muhammad ascended to God

18. Plan

20. Nine Square Grid

24. Mosaic

25. The Mosque A Prayer Hall: “Place of Prostration”

26. A Qibla Wall A Mihrab Minarets

27. Mosque at Kairouan, Tunisia

28. Cordoba, Spain, 800 AD

32. Horseshoe Arches

34. Mihrab

37. Djenne Mosque, Mali, Africa

39. Palaces The Alhambra, Granada, Spain, 1000 AD

42. Court of Myrtles

43. Hall of Two Sisters

45. Muqarnas

47. Type of corbel but decorative, not structural Based upon radial symmetry

48. Court of Lions

53. India Taj Mahal, 1600

55. Taj Mahal

60. Arabesques: on surface, on onion dome