1. Chapter 11: Meteoroids, Asteroids, and Comets

2. The Kuiper Belt of comets spreads from Neptune out 500 AU from the Sun Kuiper Belt Objects

3. Oort Comet Cloud

4. A. icy dirtball? B. dirty snowball? or Comets

5. Rosetta Mission

6. Rosetta Images

7. Composition of a Comet

8. Comets lack tails until they enter the inner solar system.

9. Composition of a Comet

10. Period of orbit is 75-76 years predicted by Edmond Halley Nucleus very dark Dirty snowball! Halley’s Comet

11. “I came in with Halley’s comet in 1835. It is expecting to come again next year (1910), and I expect to go out with it. The Almighty has said no doubt: ‘ Now here are two unaccountable freaks; they came in together, they must go out together.” - Mark Twain, a Biography Halley’s Comet and Mark Twain

12. Meteor Showers

14. The Great Leonid Storm of 1833

15. Meteor Showers

16. meteoroids: chunks of matter in space orbiting in the Solar System ranging up to tens of meters across and sometimes larger meteors: when these chunks hit the Earth’s atmosphere and show up as streaks in the sky meteorite: when a fragment of a meteoroid survives its passage through the Earth’s atmosphere Meteoroids

17. Meteorites

19. Gaspra Ida and its moon Dactyl Asteroids

20. Ceres was the largest Asteroid, now it’s a Dwarf Planet

21. Most asteroids orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter

22. Near Earth Asteroids cross the Earth’s orbit

23. Impact!

24. Tunguska Mystery, Siberia, 1908 Barringer Meteor Crater, Arizona 15000 years ago Impact!

25. The Extinction of Dinosaurs

27. Next Impact?