1. Pedometers and Public Health Catrine Tudor-Locke, PhD, FACSM Associate Professor of Health Promotion Walking Research Laboratory Department of Exercise and Wellness Arizona State University

2. Internal Mechanism

3. Mass Distribution is Not the Answer  Hardware Pedometer  Software Guidelines Protocols Detailed program templates

4. Distributions Tudor-Locke et al., Medicine and Science in Sport and Exercise, 2004

5. How Many Steps are Enough?

6. Legend 1=8-10 year olds 2=14-16 year olds 3= Healthy younger adults (approx. 20-50 years) 4= Healthy older adults (>50 years) 5= Individuals living with disabilities and chronic illnesses Tudor-Locke, Research Digest, 2002

7. Sedentary lifestyle index Tudor-Locke et al., International Journal of Obesity, 2001

8. Modeling change  Baseline = 5000 steps/day  30 minute walk, 3 days/week = 6200 steps/day (60 min/3 days =7500/steps/day)  30 minute walk, 5 days/week = 7100 steps/day (60min/5days = 9200 steps/day)  30 minute walk, 7 days/week = 8000 steps/day (60 min/7days =11000 steps/day)

9. Is a Universal 10,000 Steps/day Sustainable?

10. Seems Reasonable for Healthy Adults  Assembled from published literature, healthy adults take between 7,000-13,000 steps/day (Tudor-Locke and Myers, 2001)  73% of participants who reported 30 minutes of moderate activity also achieved 10,000 steps (Welk et al., 2000)

11. Too High for Sedentary Individuals  Assembled from published literature: 3,500-5,500 steps/day for individuals living with disabilities and chronic illnesses (Tudor-Locke and Myers, 2001)  Proposed sedentary lifestyle index is <5,000 steps/day (Tudor-Locke et al., 2001)  Achieving 10,000 steps/day requires a 2-3 fold increase in daily activity

12. Remaining Concerns

13. Too Low for Children  8-10 year olds in the U.K. take 12,000-16,000 steps/day (Rowlands et al., 1999)  6-12 year olds in the U.S. take 11,000-13,000 steps/day (Vincent et al., 2002)  14-16 years olds in the U.S. take 11,000-12,000 steps/day (Wilde, 2002)

14. BMI-referenced cutpoints  International sample (USA, Sweden, Australia) 995 girls, 959 boys, 6-12 years  Criterion referenced analysis approach  12,000 steps/day for girls  15,000 steps/day for boys Tudor-Locke et al., Preventive Medicine, 2004

15. What are We Left With?

16. Preliminary guidelines for adults  >12,500 steps/day highly active  >10,000 steps/day active  7,500-9,999 steps/day somewhat active  5,000-7,499 steps/day low active  <5,000 steps/day sedentary Tudor-Locke & Bassett, Jr., Sports Medicine, 2004