1. Network Security FAST & GIGABIT ETHERNET

2. Network Security Fast Ethernet: Goals  Upgrade the data rate up to 100 Mbps  Make it compatible with Standard Ethernet  Keep the same 48-bit address  Keep the same frame format  Keep the same minimum and maximum frame lengths

3. Network Security New features  Auto-negotiation: It allows a station or a hub a range of capabilities. Allows two devices to negotiate the mode or data rate of operation Allows incompatible devices to connect to one another

4. Network Security Topology used  Fast Ethernet is designed to connect two or more stations together either in a point-to-point or star topology (with a hub or switch in center)

5. Network Security Implementations  It can be categorized as either two-wire or four-wire  Two-wire: cat 5 UTP (100Base-TX) or fiber-optic cable (100Base-FX)  Four-wire: cat 3 UTP (100Base-T4)

6. Network Security Gigabit Ethernet: Goals  Upgrades the data rate to 1 Gbps  Make it compatible with Standard or Fast Ethernet  Use the same 48-bit address  Keep the same frame format  Keep the same minimum and maximum frame lengths  To support auto-negotiation

7. Network Security Modes  Implements half-duplex and full-duplex  Full-duplex: A central switch connected to all computers Each switch has buffers for each input port No collision i.e. CSMA/CD is not used Maximum length of cable is determined by signal attenuation and not by collision detection process

8. Network Security Modes (continued)  Half-duplex: Rarely used, uses a hub instead of switch Uses CSMA/CD Frame Bursting Method is defined to determine maximum length of network  Multiple frames are sent.  Padding is added in between these frames to look like one frame, so that the channel is not idle.

9. Network Security Topology used  Point-to-point  Star  Two star  Hierarchy of stars

10. Network Security Implementations  Two-wire: Fiber-optic cable (1000Base-SX, short-wave or 1000Base-LX, long-wave) or STP (1000Base-CX)  Four-wire: 5 twisted-pair cable (100Base-T)

11. Network Security Things to do  Encoding schemes of Fast & Gigabit Ethernet  Switched Vs Fast Vs Gigabit Ethernet  What is Ten-Gigabit Ethernet?  Wireless Ethernet & its frame format  Learn Broadband & Bluetooth architectures