1. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH
ecological sanitation: project examples for wastewater and excreta management
Christine Werner
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH
ecological sanitation program, Division 44 – environment and infrastructure
CeTAmb - International Conference
The role of Appropriate Technologies in Cooperation Projects
Desenzano del Garda (Brescia - Italia), December
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

2. ecosan project examples
content
ecosan principles
ecosan technologies
ecosan project examples
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

3. basic types of ecosan-projects
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

4. experimental on-site sanitation in Koulikoro, Mali (supported by GTZ)
ecosan projects
experimental on-site sanitation in Koulikoro, Mali (supported by GTZ)
experimental on-site sanitation module consisting of a urine diverting dehydrating latrine, shower and greywater garden
Greywater garden
Source: GTZ
Urine diverting concrete slab
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

5. ecosan-study and reuse experiments in Havana, Cuba (supported by GTZ)
ecosan projects
ecosan-study and reuse experiments in Havana, Cuba (supported by GTZ)
Study of options for reuse of urine and faeces in existing urban agriculture in Havana
improved soil quality through reuse of organics
Source: GTZ
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

6. constructed wetland Haran-Al-Awamied, Syria (supported by GTZ)
ecosan projects
constructed wetland Haran-Al-Awamied, Syria (supported by GTZ)
Wastewater treatment with constructed wetland system:
Wastewater treatment through reed beds
Sludge treatment through reed beds
Treated wastewater used for irrigation purpose
High efficiency for hygienization
Small surface required: 0.5m2 per capital
Low cost: euro/person (construction), 1 euro per person every year (running cost)
Source: Mohamed
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

7. ecosan projects
ecosan public toilet centre Bangalore, India (supported by ACTS, SDC, Uni Oslo and GTZ)
Public toilet: separate collection of urine, faeces and anal cleaning water
Separately collected and stored urine used as fertilizer for banana plantation
Faeces transported by truck and treated in a biogas plant
Source: Johannes Heeb
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

8. Biogas used for cooking
ecosan projects
ecosan public toilet centre Bangalore, India (supported by ACTS, SDC, Uni Oslo and GTZ)
Biogas plant
Source: GTZ
Biogas used for cooking
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

9. biogas program Dhapasi, Nepal
ecosan projects
biogas program Dhapasi, Nepal
Source: GTZ
toilet wastewater and manure is used in a household biogas plant
biogas is used for cooking, organic sludge is used to fertilise the garden
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

10. Egypt (supported by GTZ)
ecosan projects
Egypt (supported by GTZ)
large scale field test on soilisation of sewage sludge using vegetation (IPP Consult)
Source: IPP Consult
Soilisation bed with grass
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

11. China-Sweden Erdos Eco-Town Project, China (supported by SIDA)
ecosan projects
China-Sweden Erdos Eco-Town Project, China (supported by SIDA)
Ecosan practises in an entire functionging modern town:
Urine-diverting dry toilets and collection systems for multi-storey buildings
Greywater collection and treated in decentrialised system
Composted faeces and urine reused in agriculture
Source: EcosanRes, SEI
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

12. China-Sweden Erdos Eco-Town Project, China (supported by SIDA)
ecosan projects
China-Sweden Erdos Eco-Town Project, China (supported by SIDA)
Source: EcosanRes, SEI
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

13. Four-in-one model, China
ecosan projects
Four-in-one model, China
pig – toilet – biogas – vegetable
combined with Greenhouse Production
more than 1,000,000 times in peri-urban areas of Megacities in Northern China
Use of nutrients, organics, energy and carbon dioxyde
Source: Yao
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

14. ecosan projects
Urine diverting dry toilet in Guangxi-Province, China (supported by SIDA and Unicef)
Large ecosan project in the phase of up-scaling
1997, pilot project funded by SIDA/Unicef, 70 ecosan (urine diverting dehydration toilets) built in pilot village, Dalu Village
1998, urine-diverting toilets were built in 200 ecosan villages in Guangxi
2002, ecosan toilets in Guangxi
2003, ecosan toilets in 17 provinces (Ministry of Public Health)
Factors of success: cultural acceptance, political commitment, technical flexibility, low cost, income generation, pressure from water pollution and water scarcity, promotion and marketing
source: Sandec
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

15. decentralized treatment for municipal sewerage, China
ecosan projects
decentralized treatment for municipal sewerage, China
DEWATS /LOMWATS
Decentralized wastewater treatment systems
Low maintenance wastewater treatment systems
Baffled septic tank
Biogas Digestors
By 2002: plants
Data: Ministry of Agriculture
source: BORDA
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

16. Eco-settlement Lübeck – Flintenbreite, Germany
ecosan projects
Eco-settlement Lübeck – Flintenbreite, Germany
eco-settlement for 350 people
Greywater treatment in constructed wetlands
Storm water infiltration in swales
Vacuum pipe
Vacuum toilet
Biowaste shredder
Transport of blackwater and biowaste
Central technical building
source: Otterwasser GmbH, Germany
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

17. greywater recycling in Hotel Arabella, Germany
ecosan projects
greywater recycling in Hotel Arabella, Germany
Greywater from baths and showers in guest rooms treated with rotating biological contactors and reused for toilet flushing
Rainwater collection for irrigation of hotel garden
RBC
Source: Rolde & Partner, DHV, GTZ
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

18. main building of GTZ headquarter, Germany
ecosan projects
main building of GTZ headquarter, Germany
ecosan concept: separation, processing and agricultural reuse of urine (implementation 2004/2005)
Source: GTZ
urine diversion toilets and waterless urinals
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

19. Key activities of the GTZ-ecosan programme
ecosan projects
Key activities of the GTZ-ecosan programme
GTZ – ecosan programme
knowledge management and networking
e-newsletter
ecosan website
ecosan source book (in progress)
ecosan-project data sheets (in progress)
ecosan-technologies data sheets (in progress)
brochures, posters, professional articles, films, etc.
conferences & workshops
cooperation in the field
national & international working groups
ecosan pilot research and demonstration projects
baseline and feasibility studies for sanitation systems, treatment and reuse systems
advocacy and decision making workshops
training workshops
technical and operational advice for implementation
accompanying research
upscaling of projects and dissemination of experiences
more than 40 pilot projects worldwide
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

20. ecosan project data sheet example
General data
Objectives
Location and general conditions
Technologies applied
Type of reuse
Project history
Costs
O+M
Design information
Lessons learned
Available documents
Involved institutions and experts
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

21. technical data sheets for ecosan components
Basic principles of the technology, overview on available technology types, main field of application and limitations
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia

22. Thank you! www.gtz.de/ecosan ecosan@gtz.de
subscribe the ecosan-newsletter by sending an with the text “subscribe ecosan” to:
Appropriate Technologies in Ccooperation Projects, , Brescia