1. Educause October 29, 2001 A GEM of a Resource: The Gateway to Educational Materials Copyright Nancy Virgil Morgan, 2001. This work is the intellectual property of the author. Permission is granted for this material to be shared for non-commercial, educational purposes, provided that this copyright appears on the reproduced materials and notice is given that the copying is by permission of the author. To disseminate otherwise or to republish requires written permission from the author. Nancy Virgil Morgan Coordinator nmorgan@iis.syr.edu

2. Educause October 29, 2001 Sponsors U.S. Department of Education ERIC Clearinghouse on Information & Technology Syracuse University School of Information Studies 3

3. Educause October 29, 2001 Outline About GEM Metadata The Gateway “Powered” by GEM Research

4. Educause October 29, 2001 Mission Consortium effort to improve access to uncataloged collections of educational materials on non-profit, commercial and government Internet sites. 2

5. Educause October 29, 2001 About GEM 1996 Stakeholders Meeting –Education content providers, (government, commercial, non-profit) professional education associations, teachers –Dublin Core Metadata October 2001: –420 GEM Consortium Members –23,000 records in The Gateway

6. Educause October 29, 2001 Metadata Defined Structured data about data Describes, manages, and organizes resources Aids in process of Network Resource Discovery and Retrieval

7. Educause October 29, 2001 GEM Metadata Defined Describes, manages, organizes education resources Extension of Dublin Core Provides on-target, efficient searching by grade, subject keyword

8. Educause October 29, 2001 Dublin Core Metadata Initiative DCMI is an organization dedicated to promoting the widespread adoption of interoperable metadata standards and developing specialized metadata vocabularies for describing resources that enable more intelligent information discovery systems.

9. Educause October 29, 2001 Dublin Core Widely Implemented 60 projects listed: http://www.dublincore.org/projects/ Education related projects from Australia, New Zealand, Korea, Germany, United States have adopted Dublin Core.

10. Educause October 29, 2001 ANSI Standard Z39.85-2001 Dublin Core Metadata Elements Coverage Creator Date Description Format Identifier Language Other Contributor Publisher Relation Resource Type Rights Source Subject Title

11. Educause October 29, 2001 DC and GEM 2.0(draft) dc-ed.audience –dc-ed.mediator –dc-ed.level (Grade) –gemq.age –gemq.beneficiary gem.duration gem.resources gem.pedagogy gem.competency (Standards) gem.cataloging

12. Educause October 29, 2001 The Gateway http://www.thegateway.org

13. Educause October 29, 2001 Resources Separate Metadata Embedded Metadata GEMCat catalog Creating The Gateway GEM Tools: Creating/Editing Metadata

14. Educause October 29, 2001 Separate Metadata Embedded Metadata HARVEST local harvest web harvest Index files Files from DB driven collections Full Site Index (The Gateway) Creating The Gateway GEM Tools: Harvest Process

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18. Educause October 29, 2001 Powered by GEM MCI WorldCom Foundation’s MarcoPolo marcopolosearch.org NASA Space Science Education Resource Directory teachspacescience.stsci.edu/

19. Educause October 29, 2001 Powered by GEM Federal Resources for Education Excellence www.ed.gov CHIN Teachers’ Centre www.virtualmuseum.ca

20. Educause October 29, 2001 Powered by GEM NSF 00-44, National Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology Education Digital Library (NSDL) ED-01-R-0001, Regional Educational Laboratories

21. Educause October 29, 2001 Powered by GEM Structured data means efficient, on target retrieval Fully conformant with Dublin Core – recognized, widely implemented standard User-based: asked teachers how they searched for lesson plans (1996) Open source, non-proprietary

22. Educause October 29, 2001 GEM Research Registry services GEMCat 4.0 StandardConnections Natural Language Processing & Machine Learning

23. Educause October 29, 2001 Registries Manage local elements and qualifiers Manage vocabularies and schemas Incorporate into GEMCat – metadata generation tool Incorporate into The Gateway search engine – tool for the end-user

24. Educause October 29, 2001 GEM Element Registry Extensible Open Rdf (EOR): Registry of GEM Elements and Element Qualifiers –DCMI-based Registry of GEM schemas and Consortium member extensions to those schemas –Open Source

25. Educause October 29, 2001 GEM Vocabulary Registry Registry of thesauri (mono- and multi- lingual) and other controlled vocabularies –Sapphire: Open source RDF-based registry Redhat Linux 7.1 PostGreSQL Programming in Python 4Suite API

26. Educause October 29, 2001 GEM Vocabulary Registry NISO Z39.19 Guidelines for the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Thesauri Demonstration Thesauri –ERIC Thesaurus –NASA Thesaurus –Australian Thesaurus of Educational Descriptors

27. Educause October 29, 2001 Communication Protocols and Schemas Communication mechanisms for communicating between metadata tools and vocabulary registries –Metadata generation tools (e.g., GEMCat 4.0 ) –Metadata search tools (e.g., GEM Gateway software) Mechanisms –Protocols defining service interactions between metadata tools and registries –Schemas defining data models used in communicating between metadata tools and registries

28. Educause October 29, 2001 GEMCat 4.0 GEMCat: Metadata generation and editing tool Resource Description Framework (RDF)-based Open source –Implemented in Java –Stanford API Network tool –Relies on registry communications: To be configured (available controlled vocabularies) To search and infuse terms from controlled vocabularies

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31. Educause October 29, 2001 StandardConnections Mapping (correlating) educational resources to content standards StandardConnections –GEM research partnership Mid-Continent Research for Education and Learning (McREL) Achieve –Compendix database of content standards— cross-mapping local, state, national and international standards Protocols and schemas linking cataloging and search tools to the Compendix

32. Educause October 29, 2001 Natural Language Processing & Machine Learning GEM research partnership: Automatic extraction of GEM metadata from text- based educational objects –NSF: National Science Digital Library –Center for Natural Language Processing (Syracuse University)

33. Educause October 29, 2001 Natural Language Processing & Machine Learning StandardConnection (revisited) –NSF Proposal: Automatic mapping of text-based resources to content standards using NLP –Protocols and schemas (revisited) for tool-to-registry communications

34. Educause October 29, 2001 Conclusions GEM Research helps GEM Users: Registries –a tool for catalogers (GEMCat) and educators (The Gateway). StandardConnection – help teachers find and retrieve resources correlated to content standards. Natural Language Processing & Machine Learning – ability to “scale-up” by automatic generation of metadata.

35. Educause October 29, 2001 More Information Email: geminfo@geminfo.org GEM Project: www.geminfo.org The Gateway: www.thegateway.org GEM Research Server: gemstar.ischool.washington.edu