1. HATE

2. What is a Hate Crime? Defining a Hate Crime A hate crime is a traditional offense like murder, arson, or vandalism with an added element of bias. For the purposes of collecting statistics, Congress has defined a hate crime as a "criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender's bias against a race, religion, disability, ethnic origin or sexual orientation." Hate itself is not a crime—and the FBI is mindful of protecting freedom of speech and other civil liberties. http://www.fbi.gov/hq/cid/civilrights/ overview.htm Photo: http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/h/hate_crim e.asp http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/h/hate_crim e.asp

3. Raised to Hate Children follow in their parents’ footsteps. If they’re being raised in a hate- filled environment, chances are good that they will eventually commit hate crimes. -- Dr. Edward Dunbar, a clinical psychologist at the University of California, Los Angeles (http://www.apa.org/releases/hate.html)http://www.apa.org/releases/hate.html Photo: www.edkrebs.comwww.edkrebs.com

4. Table 10 Incidents Bias Motivation by Location, 2006 Location Total incidents Bias motivation Multiple- bias incidents 1 RaceReligion Sexual orientation Ethnicity/ national originDisability Total7,7224,0001,4621,195984792 Air/bus/train terminal482963820 Bank/savings and loan211061211 Bar/nightclub161819512000 Church/synagogue/temple304332598400 Commercial office building19311834192110 Construction site311850800 Convenience store9244973110 Department/discount store563965420 Drug store/Dr.'s office/hospital5132122500 Field/woods87507121620 Government/public building1357425161910 Grocery/supermarket573875700 Highway/road/alley/street1,387780102287205130 Hotel/motel/etc.452728800 Jail/prison402747200 Lake/waterway16824110 Liquor store171012400 Parking lot/garage47424943879050 Rental storage facility9621000 Residence/home2,3941,279424380279320 Restaurant1617915283630 School/college94150819911611080 Service/gas station7544133 20 Specialty store (TV, fur, etc.)68337131410 Other/unknown8493762611307741 Multiple locations10820000 1 In a multiple-bias incident, two conditions must be met: (a) more than one offense type must occur in the incident and (b) at least two offense types must be motivated by different biases. Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation (http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/hc2006/table10.html)

5. Table 10 Incidents Bias Motivation by Location, 2007 Location Total incidents Bias motivation Multiple- bias incidents 1 RaceReligion Sexual orientation Ethnicity/ national originDisability Total7,6243,8701,4001,2651,007793 Air/bus/train terminal80458131220 Bank/savings and loan13524200 Bar/nightclub149659532200 Church/synagogue/temple309432525900 Commercial office building1679130202600 Construction site362482200 Convenience store80406132100 Department/discount store6141551000 Drug store/Dr.'s office/hospital5728156800 Field/woods10955922 10 Government/public building1196828121100 Grocery/supermarket5725871700 Highway/road/alley/street1,438784108302229141 Hotel/motel/etc.3719410400 Jail/prison503815600 Lake/waterway11703100 Liquor store17811700 Parking lot/garage45423148848740 Rental storage facility5310010 Residence/home2,3291,256363381297302 Restaurant161889283330 School/college8594681701358150 Service/gas station75371161740 Specialty store (TV, fur, etc.)673311 1200 Other/unknown87536429113570150 Multiple locations9422100 1 In a multiple-bias incident, two conditions must be met: (a) more than one offense type must occur in the incident and (b) at least two offense types must be motivated by different biases. Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation (http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/hc2007/table_10.htm)

6. Discrepancy in Numbers – Hate Crimes Incidents Throughout the United States In 1991, the FBI reported 421 crimes against the gay community in all of the United States. In 1991, The National Gay and Lesbian Task Force reported 1,822 crimes against the gay community in just 5 urban areas: Boston, Chicago, New York, San Francisco, and Minneapolis/St. Paul.

7. Federal Hate Crime Statistics: Why the Numbers Don't Add Up FBI Hate Crime Data is Spotty Gannett News Service, July 16, 1999 By Greg Barrett WASHINGTON -- A gay man who allegedly made an advance toward two male acquaintances was lured from a Sylacauga, Ala., bar in February and beaten to death with an ax handle. His corpse was dragged to a creek bank and burned on a pyre of old tires... Alabama and Mississippi only reported a single hate crime incident each for all of 2003. www.boxturtlebulletin.com/Articles/000,001.htm - 42k Billy Jack Gaither died in Sylacauga, Alabama in February, 1999. --Greg Barrett, “FBI Hate Crime Data is Spotty,” Gannett News Service, July 16, 1999 Governments need to say, because citizens need to know, that it is illegal to discriminate against people just because of who they are. The state of Alabama should include sexual orientation in its hate-crime law. It is the right thing to do. --New York Times, March 9, 1999

8. CUNY/SUNY HATE CRIMES Only ONE* incident, a burglary, was reported for the years 2005 through 2007. This burglary is reported under both the “on campus” and “residence halls” categories. And, strangely enough, there weren’t any hate crimes on public college campuses reported by local and state police – not even the burglary! *This number reflects the hate crimes that were reported to campus security and local authorities. U.S. Department of Education Aggregated Data (2005 – 2007). (http://ope.ed.gov/security).http://ope.ed.gov/security

9. Why do hate crimes go unreported or unrecorded? Some reasons are… Cultural shame…. Hidden truths… Not taken seriously Fear of Police Deportation Language barrier Source: “A Policymaker’s Guide to Hate Crimes,” Pages 9-11, Bureau of Justice – Department of Justice (http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/bja/162304.pd f), (March 1997; Reprinted November 1999). http://www.fotosearch.com/photos-images/multicultural.html

10. What Can We do to Solve the Problem of Hate Crime? 1.Educate and nurture 2.Organize 3.Report hate crimes 4.Record allegations; must be more accurate 5.Form support groups 6.Increase punishment 7.Provide counseling 8.Provide for better security on campus